Decision Making with Uncertain Reinforcement in Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Decision Making with Uncertain Reinforcement in Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/09297040903190774
复制
发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Steinhausen, Hans-Christoph
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drechsler, Renate;Rizzo, Patrizia;Steinhausen, Hans-Christoph
患有ADHD的儿童奖赏相关过程受损。这些缺陷是否可以归因于对延迟的厌恶，或者是由于对数量、频率、价位或奖励概率的反应发生了变化，这一点仍有待探索。在本研究中，患有ADHD的儿童和7至10岁的正常儿童进行了一项简单的概率贴现任务。他们必须在奖励的大小与结果的概率成反比的备选方案中做出选择。结果，与正常对照组相比，患有ADHD的儿童更频繁地选择不太可能但更大的奖励。然而，在积极或消极反馈之后，ADHD儿童的反应类别发生变化的频率与对照组儿童相同。在ADHD儿童中，危险选择的频率与反应时间变异性的神经心理学指标相关，但与抑制性控制措施无关。结论是，选择不太可能但更大的奖励的倾向可能代表了功能失调的奖励加工的另一个方面，与延迟厌恶或对反馈的反应改变无关。
Reward-related processes are impaired in children with ADHD. Whether these deficits can be ascribed to an aversion to delay or to an altered responsiveness to magnitude, frequency, valence, or the probability of rewards still needs to be explored. In the present study, children with ADHD and normal controls aged 7 to 10 years performed a simple probabilistic discounting task. They had to choose between alternatives where the magnitude of rewards was inversely related to the probability of outcomes. As a result, children with ADHD opted more frequently for less likely but larger rewards than normal controls. Shifts of the response category after positive or negative feedback, however, occurred as often in children with ADHD as in control children. In children with ADHD, the frequency of risky choices was correlated with neuropsychological measures of response time variability but unrelated to measures of inhibitory control. It is concluded that the tendency to select less likely but larger rewards possibly represents a separate facet of dysfunctional reward processing, independent of delay aversion or altered responsiveness to feedback.