Muscular exercise, lactic acid and the supply and utilisation of oxygen - Parts VII-VIII
Muscular exercise, lactic acid and the supply and utilisation of oxygen - Parts VII-VIII
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.1924.0048
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发表时间：
1924-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lupton, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hill, AV;Long, CNH;Lupton, H
（1）氧气摄入量与运动强度之间的关系。- 当肌肉运动开始时，肺的通气量、氧的摄入量和二氧化碳的排出量在大约2½分钟的时间内迅速上升到运动强度的特征值;在这些值下，它们保持近似恒定。如果运动量不大，我就可以.例如，如果受试者的氧气摄入量没有接近最大值，那么运动可能会持续很长一段时间：可以说，身体能够“从收入中”提供所需的能量。然而，如果用力过度，运动状态就不稳定，通气量、氧气摄入量和二氧化碳排放量往往达到最大值，疲劳和疲惫就会逐渐或迅速地出现。这些量与所作努力的大小之间的关系清楚地显示在表1中，特别是在对A所作的14个系列实验中。V.H.跑步;速度在每秒2.86米到4.7米之间。这些结果在图1中以双圆的形式绘制;所示的其他点是用S.，W.，和J.（他们的体重和体型与A大致相同）。V.H.），与C. N. H. L.和H. L. (who更轻）。对后两者的观察结果已被“简化”为与A相同的体重。V.H.在密谋之前。比赛是在一个露天的草地跑道上进行的，大约90米长，速度由一个观察员保持恒定，并记录下连续几圈的时间。在每一种情况下，在收集呼出气体之前都要进行足够的运动（2½分钟或更长时间），以确保达到稳定的状态。从这些观察结果中可以得出下列结论：（1）在低速时，通气量小，呼吸商低：氧气供应足以满足身体的需要，乳酸不积累，很快达到稳定状态。
(A)The relation between oxygen intake and severity of exertion. — When muscular exercise commences, the ventilation of the lungs, the oxygen intake and the carbon dioxide output rise rapidly, in a period of about 2½ minutes, to values characteristic of the severity of the exercise; at these values they remain approximately constant. If the exercise be moderate,i. e., if the oxygen intake does not approach the maximum for the subject investigated, then the exercise may be continued for a long time: the body is able, so to speak, to provide the energy required “out of income.” If, however, the effort be excessive, the condition of exercise is not stable, the ventilation, the oxygen intake and the carbon dioxide output tend to attain their maximum values, and fatigue and exhaustion gradually or rapidly set in. The relation between these quantities and the magnitude of the effort made is clearly shown in Table I, especially in the series of 14 experiments made on A. V. H. running; at speeds from 2·86 to 4·7 metres per second. These results are plotted as double circles in fig. 1; the other points shown are the results obtained with S., W., and J. (who have approximately the same body-weight and build as A. V. H.), and with C. N. H. L. and H. L. (who are lighter). The observations on the two latter have been “reduced” to the same body-weight as A. V. H. before plotting. The running was on an open-air grass track, about 90 metres round, the speed being kept constant by an observer calling the times of successive laps. In every case the collection of expired gases was preceded by a sufficient foreperiod of exercise (2½ minutes or more) to ensure that a steady condition was reached. The following conclusions may be drawn from these observations:— (1) At low speeds the ventilation is small and the respiratory quotient is low: the oxygen supply is adequate to the needs of the body, lactic acid does not accumulate, and a steady state is soon attained.