Nitrous oxide emissions from dairy farm effluent applied to a New Zealand pasture soil
Nitrous oxide emissions from dairy farm effluent applied to a New Zealand pasture soil
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DOI：
10.1111/sum.12187
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发表时间：
2015-06
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
J. Li;J. Luo;Y. Shi;S. Lindsey;D. Houlbrooke;S. Ledgard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Li;J. Luo;Y. Shi;S. Lindsey;D. Houlbrooke;S. Ledgard
在新西兰汉密尔顿附近的AgResearch Ruakura奶牛场的永久黑麦草-白三叶草牧场上进行了一项实地试验，量化了三个季节土壤中不同类型的奶牛排出物的氧化亚氮（N2O）排放，并评估了双氰胺（DCD）（一种硝化抑制剂）减少气态N2O排放的潜力。新鲜或储存的粪便和农场乳业废水（FDE；来自奶牛场清洗），含或不含DCD（10公斤/公顷），以大约100公斤N/公顷的氮施用于火山母质上排水良好的土壤上。采用现场室技术测量N2O排放。在牧场施用新鲜和储存形式的肥料或FDE通常会增加N2O的排放。总体N2O排放因子（EF）在0.01%至1.87%之间变化，取决于施用季节和废水类型。春季和秋季的EFs大于夏季（P < 0.05）。其中，春季新鲜猪粪粪（1.65%）、秋季储存猪粪（1.87%）和夏季储存猪粪粪（0.25%）的N2O排放最大。DCD对新鲜粪便、新鲜粪便、储存粪便和储存粪便的N2O排放分别降低40-80%、69-76%、24-84%和60-70%。DCD在春季和秋季比夏季更有效地减少了N2O的排放。
A field experiment on permanent ryegrass–white clover pasture at AgResearch's Ruakura dairy farm near Hamilton, New Zealand quantified nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from different types of dairy effluent applied to soil at three seasons and evaluated the potential of dicyandiamide (DCD) (a nitrification inhibitor) to decrease gaseous N2O emissions. Fresh or stored manure and farm dairy effluent (FDE; from dairy shed washings), with or without DCD (10 kg/ha), were applied at approximately 100 kg N/ha to plots on a well‐drained soil on volcanic parent material. A field chamber technique was used to measure N2O emissions. Application of manure or FDE, both in fresh and stored forms, to pasture generally increased N2O emissions. Overall N2O emission factors (EF) varied between 0.01% and 1.87%, depending on application season and effluent type. EFs in spring and autumn were greater than those in summer (P < 0.05). Among the effluents, N2O EFs were largest from fresh FDE (1.65%) during the spring measurement period, stored manure (1.87%) during the autumn and stored FDE (0.25%) during the summer. DCD was effective in decreasing N2O EFs from fresh FDE, fresh manure, stored FDE and stored manure by 40–80%, 69–76%, 24–84% and 60–70%, respectively. DCD reduced N2O emissions during the spring and autumn seasons more effectively than in the summer season.