Responses to positive results from suspicionless random drug tests in US public school districts.
Responses to positive results from suspicionless random drug tests in US public school districts.
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对美国公立学区无怀疑随机药物测试阳性结果的反应。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1746-1561.2008.00387.x
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Rohrbach,LouiseA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ringwalt,Chris;Vincus,AmyA;Ennett,SusanT;Hanley,Sean;Bowling,JMichael;YacoubianJr,GeorgeS;Rohrbach,LouiseA
背景：对学校进行无可疑随机药物测试（SRDT）的背景知之甚少。本研究的主要目的是描述学区对SRDT项目区学生首次阳性结果的反应。方法：数据收集于2005年春季，来自全国1922个学区的1612名药物预防协调员（83.9%的答复率），其中205个地区报告了高中年级的SRDT。受访者报告了一系列对最初积极SRDT的学生的后果，包括要求家长或监护人与学校官员会面（88.4%）和要求学生参加教育，咨询或治疗计划（60.8%）。然而，一些地区也报告了联邦咨询指南禁止的后果，例如通知执法官员（45.1%）和暂停学生参加运动队（65.0%）或学校（31.0%）。一些受访者可能混淆了他们地区对因果测试和随机测试的反应。地区普遍提供的主要服务，为学生检测呈阳性，包括物质使用问题的专业咨询（87.3%）和转介咨询服务（91.9%）。结论：需要更多的了解学校的反应，学生谁测试呈阳性以下管理SRDT，有关最佳实践的咨询指南，应更有效地传播，并提供适当的培训和技术援助，学校与SRDT。
Background:Little is known about the context in which school‐based suspicionless random drug testing (SRDT) occurs. The primary purpose of the current study was to describe school districts’ responses to students’ first positive result in districts with SRDT programs.Methods:Data were collected in spring 2005 from 1612 drug prevention coordinators in a nationally representative sample of 1922 school districts (83.9% response rate), of which 205 districts reported SRDT in high school grades.Results:Respondents reported an array of consequences for students with an initial positive SRDT, including requiring parents or guardians to meet with school officials (88.4%) and requiring students to participate in an education, counseling, or treatment program (60.8%). However, some districts also reported consequences contraindicated by federal advisory guides, such as notifying law enforcement officials (45.1%) and suspending the student from an athletic team (65.0%) or from school (31.0%). Some respondents may have conflated their districts’ responses to for cause and random tests. Districts generally had available key services for students testing positive, including professional counseling for substance use problems (87.3%) and referrals to counseling services (91.9%).Conclusions:More understanding is needed of schools’ responses to students who test positive following the administration of SRDT, available advisory guides concerning best practices should be more effectively disseminated, and appropriate training and technical assistance should be available to schools with SRDTs.