Drilling predation on neritid egg capsules by the muricid snail Reishia clavigera.
Drilling predation on neritid egg capsules by the muricid snail Reishia clavigera.
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蠕虫 Reishia clavigera 对 neritid 卵囊的钻捕捕食。
DOI：
10.1093/mollus/eyt007
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Yasunori Kano
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hiroaki Fukumori;Su Yin Chee;Yasunori Kano
螺类（腹足纲：Neritimorpha）的卵囊由坚韧的内部有机层和用于进一步加固的外部钙质层组成。与其他腹足类的软或薄胶囊相比，这种硬胶囊不易受到机械损伤，并且只有少数报告捕食Neritid卵。在这里，我们描述了钻孔捕食加强卵囊的Nerita japonicabyReishia clavigera（新腹足纲：Muricidae）在高潮间带岩石海岸在日本中部。该muricid使一个小的，椭圆形的钻孔在胶囊盖上使用的辅助钻孔器（ABO）和齿舌，因为它在软体动物和藤壶壳。在解剖显微镜和扫描电子显微镜下观察到的ABO分泌的酸在孔周围的蚀刻，应该提供一种有效的方法来识别muricid捕食neritid卵，可能不仅仅是由R。在世界各地的暖温带至热带地区，棒枝灵芝（Reishia clavigeramade）也被其他物种所钻，占蒴果的14%，这可能是研究地点内neritid卵死亡的主要原因。然而，这一死亡率低于先前报道的具有较软胶囊的新腹足类卵。N. japonica为白色（而不是褐色），并且是新产的，表明它们的耐酸有机层在齿舌锉削时尚未硬化。厚厚的有机层和石灰质涂层是一种有效的盔甲，不仅可以抵御通常类型的放牧，还可以抵御更复杂的捕食，包括对鼠科的化学和机械钻孔。
The egg capsules of neritid snails (Gastropoda: Neritimorpha) are made of a tough inner organic layer and an outer calcareous layer for further reinforcement. Such hard capsules are less susceptible to mechanical damage compared with soft or thin capsules of other gastropods, and there have been only a few reports of predation on neritid eggs. Here, we describe drilling predation on the reinforced egg capsule ofNerita japonicabyReishia clavigera(Caenogastropoda: Muricidae) on a high intertidal rocky shore in central Japan. The muricid makes a small, elliptical drill hole in the capsule lid by the use of both an accessory boring organ (ABO) and a radula, as it does in mollusc and barnacle shells. The etching around the hole by the acid secretion from the ABO, which can be observed under a dissecting microscope and by scanning electron microscopy, should provide an effective way to identify muricid predation on neritid eggs, probably not only byR. clavigerabut also by other species in the warm temperate to tropical regions all over the world.Reishia clavigeramade drill holes inc.14% of the capsules, making it possibly the main cause of mortality for neritid eggs at the study site. However, this mortality rate is lower than those previously reported for caenogastropod eggs with softer capsules. All penetrated capsules ofN. japonicawere white (rather than brownish) and newly laid, suggesting that their acid-resistant organic layer had yet to harden at the time of radular rasping. The thick organic layer and calcareous coating are an effective armour, not only against the usual type of grazing but also against more sophisticated predation involving the chemical and mechanical boring of Muricidae.