The Dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula: A Reference in Jawed Vertebrates.
The Dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula: A Reference in Jawed Vertebrates.
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DOI：
10.1101/pdb.emo111
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发表时间：
2008-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mazan, Sylvie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Coolen, Marion;Menuet, Arnaud;Mazan, Sylvie
由于其庞大的规模和漫长的世代时间，软骨鱼类在很大程度上被遗传学家所忽视。然而，它们的关键系统发育位置使它们成为研究有颌脊椎动物重要形态和生理创新的分子基础的理想对象。这种分析对于理解硬骨鱼类复杂遗传机制的起源至关重要。小斑点角鲨Scyliorhinus canicula是现存最大的鲨鱼目的代表，在这方面具有许多优势。由于它在鲨鱼中相对较小，数量丰富，易于维护，角鲨在世纪以来一直是比较解剖学和生理学的重要模型。最近，随着大规模转录组学和基因组学资源的开发，以及允许大规模卵子和胚胎生产的设施的建立，人们的兴趣重新燃起。这些新工具为对鲨鱼使用的复杂生理和感觉系统进行分子分析开辟了道路。它们还可以利用这些物种的独特特征，如器官分区，分析细胞增殖和分化。最后，它们为进化发育生物学提供了重要的视角，这将使我们更好地理解有颌脊椎动物的起源和多样性。角鲨的全基因组序列可能很快就可以获得，这应该使该物种成为一种重要的鲨鱼参考，补充其他软骨鱼类模型。这些分析很可能揭示了一种被低估的复杂性的有机体，与梯度论观点中所预期的原始原型有颚动物相去甚远。
INTRODUCTIONDue to their large size and long generation times, chondrichthyans have been largely ignored by geneticists. However, their key phylogenetic position makes them ideal subjects to study the molecular bases of the important morphological and physiological innovations that characterize jawed vertebrates. Such analyses are crucial to understanding the origin of the complex genetic mechanisms unraveled in osteichthyans. The small spotted dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula, a representative of the largest order of extant sharks, presents a number of advantages in this context. Due to its relatively small size among sharks, its abundance, and easy maintenance, the dogfish has been an important model in comparative anatomy and physiology for more than a century. Recently, revived interest has occurred with the development of large-scale transcriptomic and genomic resources, together with the establishment of facilities allowing massive egg and embryo production. These new tools open the way to molecular analyses of the elaborate physiological and sensory systems used by sharks. They also make it possible to take advantage of unique characteristics of these species, such as organ zonation, in analyses of cell proliferation and differentiation. Finally, they offer important perspectives to evolutionary developmental biology that will provide a better understanding of the origin and diversifications of jawed vertebrates. The dogfish whole-genome sequence, which may shortly become accessible, should establish this species as an essential shark reference, complementary to other chondrichthyan models. These analyses are likely to reveal an organism of an underestimated complexity, far from the primitive prototypical gnathostome anticipated in gradistic views.