Biodegradation of polyvinyl chloride plastic films by enriched anaerobic marine consortia
Biodegradation of polyvinyl chloride plastic films by enriched anaerobic marine consortia
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DOI：
10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.104949
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Fava, Fabio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Giacomucci, Lucia;Raddadi, Noura;Fava, Fabio
塑料极大地增加了海洋垃圾，这引起了人们的严重关注。目前，人们对进入海洋环境的大多数塑料的命运以及它们在缺氧条件下的潜在生物降解速度和程度知之甚少。在本研究中，研究了由海洋样品（凋落物和水）富集的联合体在厌氧微生物环境中对聚氯乙烯（PVC）薄膜的生物降解。7个月后，3个微环境在塑料表面出现了致密的生物膜，重量损失高达11.7 +/- 0.6%，聚合物的热稳定性和平均分子量明显下降，表明微生物对聚合物链的攻击。24个月后，另外三个群体表现出同样的能力。第24个月分析的微生物群落包括与先前报道的卤化有机化合物降解物密切相关的类群。该研究是关于海洋厌氧微生物对PVC生物降解的第一份报告，并为天然微生物引入海洋的塑料薄膜的潜在生物降解提供了见解。
Plastics remarkably contribute to marine litter, which is raising serious concerns. Currently, little is known about the fate of most plastics entering the marine environment and their potential biodegradation rate and extent under anoxic conditions.In this work, biodegradation of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) films by consortia enriched from marine samples (litter and water) was evaluated in anaerobic microcosms. After 7 months, three microcosms showed dense biofilms on plastic surfaces, gravimetric weight losses up to 11.7 +/- 0.6%, marked decreases in thermal stability and average molecular weight of the polymer, suggesting microbial attack towards polymer chains. After 24 months, further three consortia showed the same abilities. Microbial communities analyzed at month 24 included taxa closely related to those previously reported as halogenated organic compounds degraders. The study is the first report on PVC biodegradation by marine anaerobic microbes and provides insights on potential biodegradation of the plastic film introduced into the sea by native microbes.