Rapid trait evolution drives increased speed and variance in experimental range expansions.
Rapid trait evolution drives increased speed and variance in experimental range expansions.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms14303
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发表时间：
2017-01-27
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Melbourne BA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Weiss-Lehman C;Hufbauer RA;Melbourne BA
范围扩张是重塑全球生物多样性模式的两个生态问题的核心：生物入侵和气候变化。传统理论认为，分布范围的扩大是出生、死亡和扩散等人口过程的结果，而忽略了这些过程的进化含义。最近的研究表明，进化也可能在决定扩张速度方面发挥关键作用，但缺乏对照实验。在这里，我们使用面粉甲虫（赤拟谷盗）的实验表明，平均扩张速度和速度的随机变化都增加了快速进化的性状在扩张边缘。我们发现，更高的扩散能力和更低的内在增长率的扩展边缘相比，空间nonevolving控制。此外，这些性状的进化是可变的，导致复制种群扩张之间的速度差异增强。我们的研究结果表明，进化过程必须与人口统计过程一起考虑，以更好地理解和预测范围的扩展。空间结构为分布区扩展过程中的进化提供了独特的机会。在这里，作者通过实验使用红粉甲虫，赤拟谷盗，扩散和增长可以通过空间过程，增加扩张速度及其方差的演变。
Range expansions are central to two ecological issues reshaping patterns of global biodiversity: biological invasions and climate change. Traditional theory considers range expansion as the outcome of the demographic processes of birth, death and dispersal, while ignoring the evolutionary implications of such processes. Recent research suggests evolution could also play a critical role in determining expansion speed but controlled experiments are lacking. Here we use flour beetles (Tribolium castaneum) to show experimentally that mean expansion speed and stochastic variation in speed are both increased by rapid evolution of traits at the expansion edge. We find that higher dispersal ability and lower intrinsic growth rates evolve at the expansion edge compared with spatially nonevolving controls. Furthermore, evolution of these traits is variable, leading to enhanced variance in speed among replicate population expansions. Our results demonstrate that evolutionary processes must be considered alongside demographic ones to better understand and predict range expansions. Spatial structure provides unique opportunities for evolution during range expansions. Here, the authors show experimentally using the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, that dispersal and growth can evolve through spatial processes, increasing expansion speed and its variance.