Yearly influenza vaccinations: a double-edged sword?
Yearly influenza vaccinations: a double-edged sword?
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DOI：
10.1016/s1473-3099(09)70263-4
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发表时间：
2009-12-01
影响因子：
56.3
通讯作者：
Rimmelzwaan, Guus F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bodewes, Rogier;Kreijtz, Joost H. C. M.;Rimmelzwaan, Guus F.
对于某些流感并发症高危人群，建议每年接种季节性流感疫苗。包括美国在内的一些国家建议所有6-59个月大的儿童接种季节性流感疫苗。然而，主要在动物身上的研究表明，甲型流感病毒感染可以诱导对其他不相关亚型甲型流感病毒的保护性免疫。这种所谓的异亚型免疫不能提供完全的保护，但可以限制病毒的复制，降低宿主的发病率和死亡率。当一种新的甲型流感病毒亚型被引入人群时，这种类型的免疫可能与人类有关，例如导致当前流感大流行的新型甲型流感H1N1病毒和导致越来越多的人类感染和高死亡率的高致病性禽流感H5N1病毒。通过接种疫苗预防季节性流感病毒感染可能会阻止对大流行毒株产生异亚型免疫，这可能对免疫系统不成熟的人（如婴儿）不利。
Yearly vaccination against seasonal influenza viruses is recommended for certain individuals at high risk of complications associated with influenza. It has been recommended in some countries, including the USA, that all children aged 6-59 months are vaccinated against seasonal influenza. However, it has been shown-mainly in animals-that infection with influenza A viruses can induce protective immunity to influenza A viruses of other unrelated subtypes. This so-called heterosubtypic immunity does not provide full protection, but can limit virus replication and reduce morbidity and mortality of the host. This type of immunity might be relevant to human beings when a new subtype of influenza A virus is introduced into the population, such as the new influenza A H1N1 virus responsible for the present influenza pandemic and the highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses that are causing an ever increasing number of human infections with high mortality rates. Preventing infection with seasonal influenza viruses by vaccination might prevent the induction of heterosubtypic immunity to pandemic strains, which might be a disadvantage to immunologically naive people-eg, infants.