Steganalysis of analysis-by-synthesis speech exploiting pulse-position distribution characteristics
Steganalysis of analysis-by-synthesis speech exploiting pulse-position distribution characteristics
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DOI：
10.1002/sec.1443
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发表时间：
2016-10
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Tian;Yanpeng Wu;Chinchen Chang;Yongfeng Huang;Jin Liu;Tian Wang;Yonghong Chen;Yiqiao Cai
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文献类型：
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作者：
H. Tian;Yanpeng Wu;Chinchen Chang;Yongfeng Huang;Jin Liu;Tian Wang;Yonghong Chen;Yiqiao Cai
低速率语音流隐写是语音隐写的一个重要分支。从防范网络犯罪的角度出发，设计有效的隐写分析方法具有重要意义。在本文中，我们提出了一种基于支持向量机的隐写分析的低比特率语音脉冲位置的统计特性。具体地说，我们利用脉冲位置的概率分布作为长时分布特征，根据语音信号的短时不变性特征提取脉冲位置的马尔可夫转移概率，并采用联合概率矩阵来表征脉冲间的相关性。我们用大量的G.729a编码语音样本来评估所提出方法的性能，并将其与最先进的方法进行比较。实验结果表明，在任意给定的嵌入率和样本长度下，该方法在检测精度、误报率和漏报率方面均优于已有方法.特别是，该方法可以成功地检测隐写仅使用一个或几个潜在的覆盖位，这是很难有效地检测现有的方法。版权所有© 2016约翰威利父子有限公司.
Steganography in low bit-rate speech streams is an important branch of Voice-over-Internet Protocol steganography. From the point of preventing cybercrimes, it is significant to design effective steganalysis methods. In this paper, we present a support-vector-machine-based steganalysis of low bit-rate speech exploiting statistic characteristics of pulse positions. Specifically, we utilize the probability distribution of pulse positions as a long-time distribution feature, extract Markov transition probabilities of pulse positions according to the short-time invariance characteristic of speech signals, and employ joint probability matrices to characterize the pulse-to-pulse correlation. We evaluate the performance of the proposed method with a large number of G.729a-encoded speech samples and compare it with the state-of-the-art methods. The experimental results demonstrate that our method significantly outperforms the previous ones on detection accuracy, false positive rate, and false negative rate at any given embedding rates or with any sample lengths. Particularly, this method can successfully detect steganography employing only one or a few of the potential cover bits, which is hard to be effectively detected by the existing methods. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.