The Barriers and Facilitators to Abuse Disclosure and Psychosocial Support Needs in Children and Adolescents Around the Time of Disclosure
The Barriers and Facilitators to Abuse Disclosure and Psychosocial Support Needs in Children and Adolescents Around the Time of Disclosure
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DOI：
10.1080/07388551.2021.1940088
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发表时间：
2024-04-02
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Myhre, Mia Catherine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Augusti, Else-Marie;Myhre, Mia Catherine
乳酸是食品、农业、化妆品、制药和化学工业中使用的重要平台化学品。它是生产聚乳酸（PLA）的基础材料，聚乳酸是一种可生物降解的聚合物，可以取代传统的石油基塑料，有助于减少环境污染。光学纯的l-和d-乳酸的成本有效的生产对于获得高质量和热稳定的PLA产品是必要的。本文综述了微生物发酵生产l-和d-乳酸的研究进展。特别强调的是代谢工程微生物菌株和工艺的发展，适合替代和灵活的原料概念，如：木质纤维素，甘油，C1气体，和农业食品工业副产品。替代发酵概念，可以提高乳酸生产进行了讨论。潜在的使用诱导型基因表达系统的生物传感器的发展，以促进筛选和工程的乳酸生产microorganisms.Background：儿童经历性虐待或身体虐待往往会延迟他们的披露。本研究的目的是澄清的障碍和促进者滥用披露在一个样本中的儿童和青少年参与警方采访涉嫌abuse.Method：半结构化访谈进行了13名儿童（9名女孩）谁参加了警方采访涉嫌虐待。他们被问及他们的虐待披露，他们自己和他人的反应，以及他们从卫生服务提供者和其他成年人那里得到的帮助和支持。主题分析被用来确定主题，类别，和subthemes在data.Results：出现的关键主题是披露，这发生在三个方面的多米诺骨牌效应：无意中，延迟，或专业人士。延迟披露和不愿披露的原因有多种。出现了四个亚类：个人和他人反应的矛盾心理、错失的机会、因年龄而异的反思，以及各种社会心理支持需求。值得注意的是，披露延迟确实发生了，因为儿童确定虐待行为的违法行为或不认为虐待significant.Discussion：本研究揭示了其他人的反应儿童的披露的意义。该模式显示，支持性的反应，当儿童报告犯下的成人违法行为，而同伴虐待是满足了混合的反应。重要的是，医生和心理学家等卫生保健提供者不是首选的知己。与以前的研究一致，向朋友或非虐待家庭成员透露更为常见。目前的研究结果强调，儿童透露虐待的经验，即使在这种情况下，它导致了警方investigation.Conclusions的困难：儿童保育从业人员需要更好地装备，以满足一个基本的标准，促进儿童倾诉他人虐待的经验。为了增加虐待后儿童继续接受治疗的可能性，儿童在临床干预期间更积极的参与似乎很重要。
Lactic acid is an important platform chemical used in the food, agriculture, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries. It serves as a building block for the production of polylactic acid (PLA), a biodegradable polymer, which can replace traditional petroleum-based plastics and help to reduce environmental pollution. Cost-effective production of optically pure l- and d-lactic acids is necessary to achieve a quality and thermostable PLA product. This paper evaluates research advances in the bioproduction of l- and d-lactic acids using microbial fermentation. Special emphasis is given to the development of metabolically engineered microbial strains and processes tailored to alternative and flexible feedstock concepts such as: lignocellulose, glycerol, C1-gases, and agricultural-food industry byproducts. Alternative fermentation concepts that can improve lactic acid production are discussed. The potential use of inducible gene expression systems for the development of biosensors to facilitate the screening and engineering of lactic acid-producing microorganisms is discussed.Background:Children who experience sexual or physical abuse often delay their disclosure. This study aimed to clarify the barriers and facilitators to abuse disclosure in a sample of children and adolescents participating in a police interview regarding alleged abuse.Method:Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 children (nine girls) who participated in a police interview regarding alleged abuse. They were asked about their abuse disclosure, their own and others' reactions to it, and the help and support they received from health service providers and other adults. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes, categories, and subthemes in the data.Results:The key theme that emerged was the domino effect of disclosures, which occurred in three ways: unintentionally, delayed, or to professionals. Delays in, and reluctance to, disclose is explained in various ways. Four sub-categories emerged: ambivalence in personal and others' reactions, missed opportunities, reflection depending on age, and varied psychosocial support needs. Notably, disclosure delays did occur because children identified abusive acts as transgressions or did not considered the abuse significant.Discussion:The present study reveals the significance of others' reactions to children's disclosures. The pattern showed supportive responses when children reported transgressions committed by adults, whereas peer abuse was met with mixed responses. Importantly, health care providers such as doctors and psychologists were not preferred confidants. In line with previous research, disclosure to friends or non-abusive family members was more common. The present findings underscore the difficulty with which children disclose abusive experiences, even in instances where it led to a police investigation.Conclusions:Child care practitioners need to be better equipped to meet a basic standard facilitating children to confide in others about abusive experiences. To increase the likelihood of keeping children in therapy after abuse, more active involvement of the child during clinical intervention seems important.