Off-Site Construction of Apartment Buildings
Off-Site Construction of Apartment Buildings
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DOI：
10.1061/(asce)ae.1943-5568.0000091
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发表时间：
2013-03-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Maqsood, Tayyab
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boyd, Neville;Khalfan, Malik M. A.;Maqsood, Tayyab
澳大利亚主要城市的人口正在迅速增长，面临严重的住房短缺。传统的公寓采购技术涉及较长的交货期，因此，基于工厂的或非现场建造(OSC)的多层公寓建筑可能提供机会，通过显著缩短建造时间来帮助满足需求，并可能提供良好的经济价值。OSC的其他优势可能包括高质量、低重量比、通过重复预制单元实现的规模经济、在填充现场使用、可持续的设计标准以及更好的职业健康和安全。劳动力和培训也有积极的影响，这可能有助于通过使用半熟练劳动力来缓解整个行业的技能短缺问题。由于高昂的资本成本和感知问题，以前对采用OSC的不确定性通常基于预制混凝土结构，这些结构在灵活性、施工方法、完工和交付方面是一种非常不同的建筑类型。确定驱动因素和制约因素有助于确定当前行业状况，从而建立基准并确定OSC的未来机会和方向。本文将以墨尔本中央商务区最近建成的一栋住宅楼为例，讨论OSC的驱动因素和制约因素，并通过OSC解决与传统建筑开发和采购流程相关的现有问题。(C)2013年美国土木工程师学会。
The populations of major cities in Australia are increasing rapidly and facing an acute housing shortage. Traditional apartment procurement techniques involve lengthy lead times, and therefore, factory-based, or off site-constructed (OSC), multistory apartment buildings may offer the opportunity to help fulfill the need by significantly reducing build times and potentially offer good economic value. Other advantages of OSC may include superior quality, low weight ratios, economies of scale achieved through repetition of prefabricated units, use on infill sites, sustainable design standards, and better occupational health and safety. There are also positive labor and training implications, which may help to alleviate an industry wide shortage of skills through use of semiskilled labor. Previous uncertainties about the adoption of OSC because of the high capital costs and perception issues were generally based on precast concrete structures, which are a quite different building type in terms of flexibility, construction methodology, finishes, and delivery. Identification of drivers and constraints assists in the determination of current industry status allows for a benchmark to be established and future opportunities and directions for OSC to be determined. This paper, with the help of a case study of a residential building built recently in the central business district of Melbourne, will discuss the drivers and constraints of OSC and offer solutions to existing issues relative to the traditional construction development and procurement processes through OSC. (C) 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers.