As the endothelial cell reorients, its tensile forces stabilize
As the endothelial cell reorients, its tensile forces stabilize
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随着内皮细胞重新定向，其张力稳定
DOI：
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109770
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Smith, ML
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stamenovic, D;Krishnan, R;Smith, ML
当贴壁细胞受到接近生理频率的单轴正弦拉伸时，它们的身体和它们的收缩应力纤维几乎垂直于拉伸轴重新排列。对这种现象的一种常见解释是应力纤维沿着方向重新取向，在该方向上它们不受所施加的循环拉伸的影响，因此可以保持最佳（稳态）张力。细胞响应于外部干扰而实现张力稳态的能力对于细胞和组织的正常生理功能是重要的，并且它提供针对疾病（包括癌症和动脉粥样硬化）的保护。然而，定量的实验数据，支持的想法，拉伸诱导的重定向与张力稳态是缺乏的。我们先前观察到，在响应于10%应变振幅的单轴循环拉伸时，单个内皮细胞的牵引力在垂直于拉伸轴的方向上重新取向。在此，我们对这些数据进行了二次分析，以调查牵引力的重新定向是否与张力稳态有关。我们的分析表明，拉伸引起的牵引力的重定向是伴随着衰减的牵引场的时间变化的水平，在没有拉伸观察。这些研究结果代表了一个定量的实验证据，拉伸诱导的细胞牵引力的重定向与细胞的倾向，以实现张力稳态。
When adherent cells are subjected to uniaxial sinusoidal stretch at frequencies close to physiological, their body and their contractile stress fibers realign nearly perpendicularly to the stretch axis. A common explanation for this phenomenon is that stress fibers reorient along the direction where they are unaffected by the applied cyclic stretch and thus can maintain optimal (homeostatic) tensile force. The ability of cells to achieve tensional homeostasis in response to external disturbances is important for normal physiological functions of cells and tissues and it provides protection against diseases, including cancer and atherosclerosis. However, quantitative experimental data that support the idea that stretch-induced reorientation is associated with tensional homeostasis are lacking. We observed previously that in response to uniaxial cyclic stretch of 10% strain amplitudes, traction forces of single endothelial cells reorient in the direction perpendicular to the stretch axis. Here we carried out a secondary analysis of those data to investigate whether this reorientation of traction forces is associated with tensional homeostasis. Our analysis showed that stretch-induced reorientation of traction forces was accompanied by attenuation of temporal variability of the traction field to the level that was observed in the absence of stretch. These findings represent a quantitative experimental evidence that stretch-induced reorientation of cellular traction forces is associated with the cell’s tendency to achieve tensional homeostasis.