Forest Management in Northeast China: History, Problems, and Challenges
Forest Management in Northeast China: History, Problems, and Challenges
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中国东北地区的森林经营：历史、问题和挑战
DOI：
10.1007/s00267-011-9633-4
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发表时间：
2011-02
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Wu, Xiaoqing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ding, Hong;Wang, Qingwei;Zhou, Li;Yu, Dapao;Zhou, Wangming;Dai, Limin;Wang, Yue;Wu, Xiaoqing
研究东北地区森林资源的历史和现状，对于探讨东北地区森林可持续经营具有重要意义。在1998年之前，过度砍伐和忽视耕作导致了一系列问题，使该地区可开发的森林储备几乎枯竭。天然林面积大幅度减少的同时，林分结构受到严重破坏，整个森林质量和功能严重退化。1998年，中国将森林管理的主要重点从木材生产转向生态可持续性，将生态恢复和保护作为管理的重点。在此过程中，中国启动了天然林转换计划，并实施了基于分类的森林管理新制度。此后，中国东北地区的木材采伐水平下降，森林面积和蓄积水平缓慢上升。目前，大面积的低质量次生林土地，沿着高水平的木材生产，在中国的研究人员和政府机构面临着重大挑战，在决定管理模式和战略，将最好地保护，恢复和管理这么大面积的次生林土地。本文综合了中国东北地区森林面积、林分特征和蓄积水平以及森林政策变化等方面的信息。本文在简要回顾东北森林采伐和生态研究历史的基础上，探讨了东北森林资源的现状和森林经营中存在的问题，提出了东北森林多用途经营面临的主要挑战。
Studies of the history and current status of forest resources in Northeast China have become important in discussions of sustainable forest management in the region. Prior to 1998, excessive logging and neglected cultivation led to a series of problems that left exploitable forest reserves in the region almost exhausted. A substantial decrease in the area of natural forests was accompanied by severe disruption of stand structure and serious degradation of overall forest quality and function. In 1998, China shifted the primary focus of forest management in the country from wood production to ecological sustainability, adopting ecological restoration and protection as key foci of management. In the process, China launched the Natural Forest Conversion Program and implemented a new system of Classification-based Forest Management. Since then, timber harvesting levels in Northeast China have decreased, and forest area and stocking levels have slowly increased. At present, the large area of low quality secondary forest lands, along with high levels of timber production, present researchers and government agencies in China with major challenges in deciding on management models and strategies that will best protect, restore and manage so large an area of secondary forest lands. This paper synthesizes information from a number of sources on forest area, stand characteristics and stocking levels, and forest policy changes in Northeastern China. Following a brief historical overview of forest harvesting and ecological research in Northeast China, the paper discusses the current state of forest resources and related problems in forest management in the region, concluding with key challenges in need of attention in order to meet the demands for multi-purpose forest sustainability and management in the future.
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2009
期刊：
Journal of Northeast Forestry University
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fu Junqing
通讯作者：
Fu Junqing
DOI：
10.1088/1755-1307/6/34/342045
发表时间：
2009-02
期刊：
Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences
影响因子：
--
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Mingjun Xu;Ye Qi;Peng Gong
通讯作者：
Mingjun Xu;Ye Qi;Peng Gong
影响因子：
4
作者：
Jintao Xu;R. Tao;G. Amacher
通讯作者：
Jintao Xu;R. Tao;G. Amacher
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
R. Stone
通讯作者：
R. Stone