REMEMBERING CAN CAUSE FORGETTING - RETRIEVAL DYNAMICS IN LONG-TERM-MEMORY
REMEMBERING CAN CAUSE FORGETTING - RETRIEVAL DYNAMICS IN LONG-TERM-MEMORY
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.20.5.1063
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发表时间：
1994-09-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
BJORK, EL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ANDERSON, MC;BJORK, RA;BJORK, EL
三项研究表明，提取过程本身会导致持久的遗忘。 学生学习了8个类别（例如，水果）。 然后，一半类别的一半成员通过提取测试（例如，水果或}}）。 类别线索回忆的非实践成员的实践类别受损的延迟测试。 实验2和3确定了这种检索引起的遗忘的2个显著特征：当输出干扰被控制时，损害仍然存在，这表明基于检索的抑制持续20分钟或更长时间，并且损害似乎仅限于高频成员。 低频成员表现出很少的损害，即使在强大的，熟练的竞争对手，可能会阻止访问这些项目的存在。 这些发现表明，抑制在提取抑制模型中起着关键作用，并暗示提取过程本身在日常遗忘中起着重要作用。
Three studies show that the retrieval process itself causes long-lasting forgetting. Ss studied 8 categories (e.g., Fruit). Half the members of half the categories were then repeatedly practiced through retrieval tests (e.g., Fruit Or}}}). Category-cued recall of unpracticed members of practiced categories was impaired on a delayed test. Experiments 2 and 3 identified 2 significant features of this retrieval-induced forgetting: The impairment remains when output interference is controlled, suggesting a retrieval-based suppression that endures for 20 min or more, and the impairment appears restricted to high-frequency members. Low-frequency members show little impairment, even in the presence of strong, practiced competitors that might be expected to block access to those items. These findings suggest a critical role for suppression in models of retrieval inhibition and implicate the retrieval process itself in everyday forgetting.