Evolution of the U.S. Natural Gas Industry in Response to Changes in Transaction Costs
Evolution of the U.S. Natural Gas Industry in Response to Changes in Transaction Costs
复制标题
美国天然气行业因交易成本变化而演变
DOI：
10.2307/3147120
复制
发表时间：
1998
期刊：
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
T. K. Matson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Dahl;T. K. Matson
传统上，美国天然气行业的生产商、州际管道和分销商通过双边长期合同联系在一起。最近，联邦能源管理委员会鼓励买家和卖家直接进行交易，首先形成现货市场和营销商，然后形成市场中心，并略有回归长期合同的趋势。营销人员和渠道已经整合，以利用更大网络提供的范围经济和系统效应。我们使用交易成本经济学来解释随着开放运输以及运输和存储与销售的分拆而导致的交换关系的演变。
The U.S. natural gas industry traditionally had producers, interstate pipelines, and distributors linked together via bilateral, long-term contracts. Recently the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission has encouraged buyers and sellers to deal directly with each other, leading first to a spot market and marketers, then to market hubs and a slight trend back to longer-term contracts. Marketers and pipelines have consolidated to take advantage of economies of scope and systems effects which larger networks provide. We use transaction cost economics to explain the evolution of exchange relationships with open access to transportation and the unbundling of transportation and storage from sales.