Effects of Air Temperature and Relative Humidity on Coronavirus Survival on Surfaces
Effects of Air Temperature and Relative Humidity on Coronavirus Survival on Surfaces
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.02291-09
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Sobsey, Mark D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Casanova, Lisa M.;Jeon, Soyoung;Sobsey, Mark D.
评估严重急性呼吸系统综合征（SARS）冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）对表面造成的风险，需要有关该病毒在环境表面上的存活率以及存活率如何受到环境变量（如空气温度（AT）和相对湿度（RH））影响的数据。使用替代病毒有可能克服与SARS-CoV合作的挑战，并增加关于冠状病毒在表面上存活的可用数据。本研究评价了两种潜在的替代物;使用传染性胃肠炎病毒（TGEV）和小鼠肝炎病毒（MHV）来确定AT和RH对冠状病毒在不锈钢上存活的影响。在4 ℃下，感染性病毒持续长达28天，在20%RH下发生最低水平的灭活。在所有湿度水平下，20 ℃下的灭活比4 ℃下更快;病毒持续5至28天，最慢的灭活发生在低RH下。这两种病毒在40摄氏度下比在20摄氏度下灭活得更快。失活与相对湿度之间的关系不是单调的，在低相对湿度（20%）和高相对湿度（80%）下比在中等相对湿度（50%）下有更大的存活或更大的保护作用。也有证据表明AT和RH之间的相互作用。结果表明，当大量病毒沉积时，TGEV和MHV可以在室内环境典型的AT和RH表面上存活数天。TGEV和MHV可以作为保守的替代模型暴露，传播风险和控制措施的致病性包膜病毒，如SARS冠状病毒和流感病毒，在医疗表面。
Assessment of the risks posed by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (SARS-CoV) on surfaces requires data on survival of this virus on environmental surfaces and on how survival is affected by environmental variables, such as air temperature (AT) and relative humidity (RH). The use of surrogate viruses has the potential to overcome the challenges of working with SARS-CoV and to increase the available data on coronavirus survival on surfaces. Two potential surrogates were evaluated in this study; transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) and mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) were used to determine effects of AT and RH on the survival of coronaviruses on stainless steel. At 4 degrees C, infectious virus persisted for as long as 28 days, and the lowest level of inactivation occurred at 20% RH. Inactivation was more rapid at 20 degrees C than at 4 degrees C at all humidity levels; the viruses persisted for 5 to 28 days, and the slowest inactivation occurred at low RH. Both viruses were inactivated more rapidly at 40 degrees C than at 20 degrees C. The relationship between inactivation and RH was not monotonic, and there was greater survival or a greater protective effect at low RH (20%) and high RH (80%) than at moderate RH (50%). There was also evidence of an interaction between AT and RH. The results show that when high numbers of viruses are deposited, TGEV and MHV may survive for days on surfaces at ATs and RHs typical of indoor environments. TGEV and MHV could serve as conservative surrogates for modeling exposure, the risk of transmission, and control measures for pathogenic enveloped viruses, such as SARS-CoV and influenza virus, on health care surfaces.