A pathway linking reward circuitry, impulsive sensation-seeking and risky decision-making in young adults: identifying neural markers for new interventions.
A pathway linking reward circuitry, impulsive sensation-seeking and risky decision-making in young adults: identifying neural markers for new interventions.
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DOI：
10.1038/tp.2017.60
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发表时间：
2017-04-18
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Phillips ML
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chase HW;Fournier JC;Bertocci MA;Greenberg T;Aslam H;Stiffler R;Lockovich J;Graur S;Bebko G;Forbes EE;Phillips ML
高特质冲动感觉寻求（ISS）在18-25奥尔兹中很常见，并且与风险决策和有害结果有关。我们研究了以下因素之间的关系：在ISS相关的背景下，不确定的奖励预期（RE），使用功能磁共振成像; ISS冲动性和感觉寻求子组件;以及100名18-25奥尔兹的转诊断招募的风险决策。ISS、快感缺乏、焦虑、抑郁和躁狂采用自我报告量表进行测量;临床医生管理的量表也评估了后四项。扫描后的风险决策任务测量“风险”（可能的赢/输/混合/中性）fMRI任务与“肯定的事情”刺激。“偏见”反映了风险高于安全的选择。左腹外侧前额叶皮层和双侧腹侧纹状体中不确定的RE相关活动与ISS综合评分呈正相关，包括冲动和感觉寻求-乐趣寻求子成分（ISSc; P <0.001）。偏误与感觉寻求-经验寻求呈正相关（ES; P=0.003）。这种关系是由ISSc调节（P=0.009）：这是明显的，只有在高ISSc的个人。全脑分析显示：不确定的RE相关左腹外侧前额叶皮层活动与ISSc之间存在正相关关系;不确定的RE相关视觉注意和运动准备神经网络活动与ES之间存在正相关关系;不确定的RE相关背侧前扣带回皮层活动和偏差，特别是在高ISSc参与者中（所有ps<0.05，峰值水平，家庭错误校正）。我们确定了一个间接的途径连接更高水平的不确定RE相关活动的奖励，视觉注意力和运动网络与更大的风险决策，通过积极的关系与冲动，寻求乐趣和ES。这些高ISS的客观神经标志物可以指导具有高水平这种使人衰弱的人格特征的年轻人的新治疗开发。
High trait impulsive sensation seeking (ISS) is common in 18–25-year olds, and is associated with risky decision-making and deleterious outcomes. We examined relationships among: activity in reward regions previously associated with ISS during an ISS-relevant context, uncertain reward expectancy (RE), using fMRI; ISS impulsivity and sensation-seeking subcomponents; and risky decision-making in 100, transdiagnostically recruited 18–25-year olds. ISS, anhedonia, anxiety, depression and mania were measured using self-report scales; clinician-administered scales also assessed the latter four. A post-scan risky decision-making task measured ‘risky' (possible win/loss/mixed/neutral) fMRI-task versus ‘sure thing' stimuli. ‘Bias' reflected risky over safe choices. Uncertain RE-related activity in left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and bilateral ventral striatum was positively associated with an ISS composite score, comprising impulsivity and sensation-seeking–fun-seeking subcomponents (ISSc; P⩽0.001). Bias positively associated with sensation seeking–experience seeking (ES; P=0.003). This relationship was moderated by ISSc (P=0.009): it was evident only in high ISSc individuals. Whole-brain analyses showed a positive relationship between: uncertain RE-related left ventrolateral prefrontal cortical activity and ISSc; uncertain RE-related visual attention and motor preparation neural network activity and ES; and uncertain RE-related dorsal anterior cingulate cortical activity and bias, specifically in high ISSc participants (all ps<0.05, peak-level, family-wise error corrected). We identify an indirect pathway linking greater levels of uncertain RE-related activity in reward, visual attention and motor networks with greater risky decision-making, via positive relationships with impulsivity, fun seeking and ES. These objective neural markers of high ISS can guide new treatment developments for young adults with high levels of this debilitating personality trait.