Calcium Transport in Specialized Dental Epithelia and Its Modulation by Fluoride.
Calcium Transport in Specialized Dental Epithelia and Its Modulation by Fluoride.
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DOI：
10.3389/fendo.2021.730913
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Lacruz RS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Costiniti V;Bomfim GH;Mitaishvili E;Son GY;Li Y;Lacruz RS
大多数细胞使用钙（Ca 2+）作为第二信使来传递影响多种生物过程的信号。Ca 2+与蛋白质结合以改变其电荷和构象的能力对于实现其信号传导作用至关重要。细胞溶质Ca 2+（cCa 2+）浓度维持在约100 nM的低水平，因此cCa 2+升高的影响易于被细胞感知和转导。然而，cCa 2+的这种升高必须是短暂的，以防止有害影响。细胞已经开发了多种系统来快速清除过量的cCa 2+，包括Ca 2+泵、交换剂和在细胞内细胞器内螯合Ca 2+。这个Ca 2+信号工具包经过进化调整，使每个细胞、组织和器官都能最佳地实现其生物学功能。哺乳动物中最特化的细胞之一是釉质形成细胞，成釉细胞，其也处理大量的Ca 2+。成釉细胞的最终目标是合成、分泌和矿化一种独特的蛋白质基质，而没有重塑或修复机制的益处。成釉细胞对Ca ~（2+）的摄取主要受钙库操纵的Ca ~（2+）内流（SOCE）的调节，然后再通过极化的成釉细胞到达绝缘的釉质间隙。在这里，我们回顾成釉细胞Ca 2+信号工具包，并解决如何常见的负电性非金属氟化物可以改变其功能，潜在地解决氟斑牙的生物学。
Most cells use calcium (Ca2+) as a second messenger to convey signals that affect a multitude of biological processes. The ability of Ca2+ to bind to proteins to alter their charge and conformation is essential to achieve its signaling role. Cytosolic Ca2+ (cCa2+) concentration is maintained low at ~100 nM so that the impact of elevations in cCa2+ is readily sensed and transduced by cells. However, such elevations in cCa2+ must be transient to prevent detrimental effects. Cells have developed a variety of systems to rapidly clear the excess of cCa2+ including Ca2+ pumps, exchangers and sequestering Ca2+ within intracellular organelles. This Ca2+ signaling toolkit is evolutionarily adapted so that each cell, tissue, and organ can fulfill its biological function optimally. One of the most specialized cells in mammals are the enamel forming cells, the ameloblasts, which also handle large quantities of Ca2+. The end goal of ameloblasts is to synthesize, secrete and mineralize a unique proteinaceous matrix without the benefit of remodeling or repair mechanisms. Ca2+ uptake into ameloblasts is mainly regulated by the store operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) before it is transported across the polarized ameloblasts to reach the insulated enamel space. Here we review the ameloblasts Ca2+ signaling toolkit and address how the common electronegative non-metal fluoride can alter its function, potentially addressing the biology of dental fluorosis.