The Stem Cell Niche of Human Livers: Symmetry Between Development and Regeneration
The Stem Cell Niche of Human Livers: Symmetry Between Development and Regeneration
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/hep.22516
复制
发表时间：
2008-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
13.5
通讯作者：
Reid, Lola M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang, Lili;Theise, Neil;Reid, Lola M.
人的肝脏含有两种多能祖细胞：肝干细胞和肝母细胞。肝干细胞独特表达上皮细胞黏附分子(EpCAM)、神经细胞黏附分子(NCAM)、细胞角蛋白(CK)19、白蛋白+/-，甲胎蛋白(AFP)阴性。它们是肝母细胞的前体细胞，肝干细胞在大小、形态和表达EpCAM、细胞间黏附分子(ICAM-1)、CK19、白蛋白++和AFP++的结合方面与肝干细胞不同。肝脏干细胞在体内位于干细胞的壁龛中：胎儿和新生儿肝脏的管板，以及儿童和成人肝脏的海令导管。肝母细胞与壁龛相邻，数量随年龄增长而减少，有损伤反应的细胞数量逐渐减少，被认为是肝脏的运输放大细胞。在成人肝脏中，可见肝干细胞与肝母细胞、肝母细胞与成人肝实质之间的中间体。一个或两个多能细胞亚群的扩增可在疾病中发生；例如，肝干细胞扩增发生在轻度肝衰竭中，成肝细胞扩增发生在肝硬变中。因此，肝脏与其他组织相似，出生后组织中的再生过程与发育中的相似，涉及可通过解剖学、抗原性和生化特征识别的干细胞和祖细胞群体。(《肝病》2008；48：1598-1607。)
Human livers contain two pluripotent progenitors: hepatic stem cells and hepatoblasts. The hepatic stem cells uniquely express the combination of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), cytokeratin (CK) 19, albumin +/-, and are negative for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). They are precursors to hepatoblasts, which differ from hepatic stem cells in size, morphology, and in expressing the combination of EpCAM, intercellular cell adhesion molecule (ICAM-1), CK19, albumin+ +, and AFP+ +. The hepatic stem cells are located in vivo in stem cell niches: the ductal plates in fetal and neonatal livers and canals of Hering in pediatric and adult livers. The hepatoblasts are contiguous to the niches, decline in numbers with age, wax and wane in numbers with injury responses, and are proposed to be the liver's transit-amplifying cells. In adult livers, intermediates between hepatic stem cells and hepatoblasts and between hepatoblasts and adult parenchyma are observed. Amplification of one or both pluripotent cell subpopulations can occur in diseases; for example, hepatic stem cell amplification occurs in mild forms of liver failure, and hepatoblast amplification occurs in forms of cirrhosis. Liver is, therefore, similar to other tissues in that regenerative processes in postnatal tissues parallel those occurring in development and involve populations of stem cells and progenitor cells that can be identified by anatomic, antigenic, and biochemical profiles. (HEPATOLOGY 2008;48:1598-1607.)