Bacterial swarms recruit cargo bacteria to pave the way in toxic environments.
Bacterial swarms recruit cargo bacteria to pave the way in toxic environments.
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DOI：
10.1128/mbio.00074-15
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发表时间：
2015-05-12
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Ingham CJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Finkelshtein A;Roth D;Ben Jacob E;Ingham CJ
成群的细菌面临着入侵敌对环境的挑战。成群的有鞭毛的涡旋类芽孢杆菌可以集体运输其他微生物。在这里，我们表明，P.涡可以通过携带降解细菌侵入有毒环境;这种运输是由一个专门的，表型亚群利用不依赖于货物运动的过程介导的。对β-内酰胺类抗生素（BLA）敏感的涡旋变形杆菌群利用产生β-内酰胺酶的耐药货物细菌来解毒其路径上的BLA。在BLA存在的情况下，运输细菌和货物细菌都从这种暂时的合作中获益; BLA耐药性与扩散呈正相关。涡旋单胞菌仅以持续的方式运输最有益的耐药性货物（包括环境和临床分离株）。涡旋拟杆菌表现出一种赌注对冲策略，促进了涡旋拟杆菌单独在无毒生态位的定殖;当不需要解毒货物细菌时，它们就会消失。这项工作具有相关性的耐药微生物的传播和战略的不对称合作与农业和医学的影响。抗生素耐药性是一个主要的健康威胁。我们展示了抗生素耐药性局部传播的新机制。这涉及到不同细菌之间的相互作用：一种细菌提供一种酶来解毒抗生素（携带抗性基因的固着货物细菌），而另一种细菌（漩涡类芽孢杆菌）则自行移动并运输货物。涡旋使用了一种赌注对冲策略，当货物没有增加任何好处时，单独殖民新的环境，但当需要货物时，合作。这项工作在进化背景下很有意义，并揭示了一些基本问题，例如环境抗生素耐药性如何导致临床耐药性和微生物社会组织，以及在环境中传播的成本，收益和风险。
Swarming bacteria are challenged by the need to invade hostile environments. Swarms of the flagellated bacterium Paenibacillus vortex can collectively transport other microorganisms. Here we show that P. vortex can invade toxic environments by carrying antibiotic-degrading bacteria; this transport is mediated by a specialized, phenotypic subpopulation utilizing a process not dependent on cargo motility. Swarms of beta-lactam antibiotic (BLA)-sensitive P. vortex used beta-lactamase-producing, resistant, cargo bacteria to detoxify BLAs in their path. In the presence of BLAs, both transporter and cargo bacteria gained from this temporary cooperation; there was a positive correlation between BLA resistance and dispersal. P. vortex transported only the most beneficial antibiotic-resistant cargo (including environmental and clinical isolates) in a sustained way. P. vortex displayed a bet-hedging strategy that promoted the colonization of nontoxic niches by P. vortex alone; when detoxifying cargo bacteria were not needed, they were lost. This work has relevance for the dispersal of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and for strategies for asymmetric cooperation with agricultural and medical implications. Antibiotic resistance is a major health threat. We show a novel mechanism for the local spread of antibiotic resistance. This involves interactions between different bacteria: one species provides an enzyme that detoxifies the antibiotic (a sessile cargo bacterium carrying a resistance gene), while the other (Paenibacillus vortex) moves itself and transports the cargo. P. vortex used a bet-hedging strategy, colonizing new environments alone when the cargo added no benefit, but cooperating when the cargo was needed. This work is of interest in an evolutionary context and sheds light on fundamental questions, such as how environmental antibiotic resistance may lead to clinical resistance and also microbial social organization, as well as the costs, benefits, and risks of dispersal in the environment.