NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL EVIDENCE FOR FRONTOSTRIATAL DYSFUNCTION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL EVIDENCE FOR FRONTOSTRIATAL DYSFUNCTION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291700033523
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发表时间：
1995-05-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
SAHAKIAN, BJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ELLIOTT, R;MCKENNA, PJ;SAHAKIAN, BJ
在一项注意力定势转移的计算机化测试中，精神分裂症患者和对照组进行了比较，该测试提供了威斯康星卡片分类测试的成分分析，此前已被证明对额叶功能障碍和帕金森氏症敏感。主要的测试是额外维度的转换，即受试者被要求将反应转移到另一个感知维度。在一种被称为“持之以恒”的情况下，受试者被要求转移到一个新的维度，而忽略之前相关的维度。在另一种被称为“习得无关”的情况下，受试者被要求转移到以前不相关的维度，而忽略新的维度。与正常年龄和智商匹配的对照组(N=24)相比，慢性药物治疗的精神分裂症患者(N=32)在持久力方面表现出非常显著的损害，但没有表现出习得的无关条件。即使是智商保持不变的一组患者也是如此。注意力定势转移的障碍与患者在简易精神状态检查(Mean；S.D.26.8；1.8)中的分数或再认记忆测试中的分数没有相关性。这些结果为执行功能的集合转移测试中的特定缺陷提供了证据，并支持了精神分裂症患者前额纹状体功能障碍的假说。
Schizophrenics and controls were compared on a computerized test of attentional set-shifting which provides a componential analysis of the Wisconsin Card Sort Test and has previously been shown to be sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction and Parkinson's disease. The main test was of extra-dimensional shifting where subjects are required to shift reponse to an alternative perceptual dimension. In one condition, termed 'perseveration', subjects are required to shift to a novel dimension and ignore the previously relevant one. In the other condition, termed 'learned irrelevance', subjects are required to shift to the previously irrelevant dimension and ignore a novel one. Chronic medicated schizophrenics (N = 32) show a highly significant impairment on the perseveration but not the learned irrelevance condition, as compared to normal age and IQ matched controls (N = 24). This was true even of a subgroup of patients with preserved IQ. The impairments in attentional set-shifting failed to correlate with patients' scores on the Mini-Mental State Examination (mean; S.D. 26.8; 1.8) or with scores on a test of recognition memory. These results provide evidence for a specific deficit in a set-shifting test of executive function and support a hypothesis of frontostriatal dysfunction in schizophrenia.