The Psychological Birth of the Human Infant: Symbiosis and Individuation
The Psychological Birth of the Human Infant: Symbiosis and Individuation
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人类婴儿的心理诞生：共生与个体化
DOI：
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发表时间：
1975
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Anni Bergman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Margaret S. Mahler;Fred Pine;Anni Bergman
“人类婴儿的生理诞生和个体的心理诞生在时间上并不重合。前者是一个戏剧性的、可观察的、有明确界限的事件；后者是一个戏剧性的、可观察的、有明确界限的事件。这本广受赞誉的书就这样开始了，玛格丽特·S·马勒和她的合作者在发展心理学方面开辟了新天地，并首次提出了马勒博士对正常分离-个体化过程的观察的完整理论陈述。在这本主要著作中，分离和个体化作为两个互补的发展呈现出来。分离被描述为孩子从与母亲的共生融合中脱颖而出，而个体化则包括使孩子假设自己的个体特征的成就。分离个体化的每个子阶段都被详细描述，并得到大量临床观察的支持，这些观察追踪了婴儿和他的母亲在实现自己的个性过程中所面临的任务。许多章节致力于从表观遗传学角度跟踪五个孩子的子阶段发展。一个单独的部分描述了作者的方法、研究环境的重要性以及环境变化的影响。 Fred Pine 撰写的内容广泛的附录讨论了作者使用的数据收集技术的独特性。此外，有用的概念词汇表定义了马勒博士引入的新术语。这本书代表了理解人类婴儿的重要突破，并对人类行为科学做出了独特的贡献。
'The biological birth of the human infant and the psychological birth of the individual are not coincident in time. The former is a dramatic, observable, and well-circumscribed event; the latter a slowly unfolding intra psychic process.'Thus begins this highly acclaimed book in which Margaret S. Mahler and her collaborators break new ground in developmental psychology and present the first complete theoretical statement of Dr. Mahler's observations on the normal separation-individuation process.Separation and individuation are presented in this major work as two complementary developments. Separation is described as the child's emergence from a symbiotic fusion with the mother, while individuation consists of those achievements making the child's assumption of his own individual characteristics. Each of the sub-phases of separation-individuation is described in detail, supported by a wealth of clinical observations which trace the tasks confronting the infant and his mother as he progresses towards achieving his own individuality.A number of chapters are devoted to following five children epigenetically through their sub phase development. A separate section describes the authors' methodology, the importance of the research setting, and the effects of changes in the setting. The extensive appendices by Fred Pine discuss the uniqueness of the data-gathering techniques used by the author. In addition, a useful glossary of concepts defines the new terms that Dr. Mahler has introduced.This book represents an important breakthrough in understanding the human infant and makes a unique contribution to the science of human behavior.