Viral Communities in the Global Deep Ocean Conveyor Belt Assessed by Targeted Viromics
Viral Communities in the Global Deep Ocean Conveyor Belt Assessed by Targeted Viromics
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2019.01801
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发表时间：
2019-08-21
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Yokokawa, Taichi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
De Corte, Daniele;Martinez, Joaquin Martinez;Yokokawa, Taichi
病毒是海洋和陆地生态系统中丰富、多样和动态的组成部分。在海洋中，病毒在海洋地球化学循环中起着关键作用，控制着微生物的丰度、多样性和进化。最近的宏基因组学研究评估了海洋上层病毒群落的结构。然而，人们对沿着深海传送带的病毒群落的组成变化知之甚少。为了评估全球深水循环系统中病毒群落的潜在变化，在北大西洋深水（NADW）（类似于2，500米）和太平洋南极底层水（类似于4，000米）的核心收集了水样。通过流式细胞术评价微生物和病毒丰度。随后，使用流式细胞术分选病毒样颗粒，并应用下一代测序从分选的病毒群体构建DNA文库。不同海域的病毒群落高度多样，样品之间差异很大。只有18%的病毒蛋白质簇之间的NADW和太平洋南极底层水共享。几个病毒群，主要与未培养的环境和未培养的地中海病毒普遍分布沿着全球深水循环系统。因此，我们的研究结果指出，除了在局部范围内存在罕见和不同类型的病毒外，还有几组广泛分布的丰富病毒。
Viruses are an abundant, diverse and dynamic component of marine and terrestrial ecosystems. In the ocean, viruses play a key role in the biogeochemical cycles and controlling microbial abundance, diversity and evolution. Recent metagenomics studies assessed the structure of the viral community in the upper ocean. However, little is known about the compositional changes in viral communities along the deep ocean conveyor belt. To assess potential changes in the viral community in the global deep-water circulation system, water samples were collected in the core of the North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) (similar to 2,500 m) and Pacific Antarctic Bottom Water (similar to 4,000 m). Microbial and viral abundance were evaluated by flow cytometry. Subsequently, flow cytometry was used to sort virus-like particles and next generation sequencing was applied to build DNA libraries from the sorted virus populations. The viral communities were highly diverse across different oceanic regions with high dissimilarity between samples. Only 18% of the viral protein clusters were shared between the NADW and the Pacific Antarctic Bottom Water. Few viral groups, mainly associated with uncultured environmental and uncultured Mediterranean viruses were ubiquitously distributed along the global deep-water circulation system. Thus, our results point to a few groups of widely distributed abundant viruses in addition to the presence of rare and diverse types of viruses at a local scale.