The Online Tracking Horde: A View from Passive Measurements
The Online Tracking Horde: A View from Passive Measurements
复制标题
在线追踪群：被动测量的视角
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-17172-2_8
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Baldi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Metwalley;S. Traverso;M. Mellia;S. Miskovic;M. Baldi
在访问任何网站期间，普通的互联网用户都可能面临将个人信息上传到所谓的在线跟踪器的脚本，这是一种无形的第三方服务，收集用户信息并对其进行分析。这不是什么新闻，过去的许多工作都试图衡量这种现象的广泛性。他们都通过爬虫进行积极的测量活动。在本文中，我们从一个被动的角度来观察这一现象，自然地考虑到互联网及其用户的多样性。我们分析了被动收集的流量摘要的大型数据集，以观察在线跟踪的普遍程度。我们发现有超过400个追踪服务被不知情的用户联系，其中前100个经常被超过50%的互联网用户访问，前3个几乎不可能逃脱。更糟糕的是，超过80%的用户在开始导航后的1秒内就联系上了第一个追踪器。我们看到很多网站都提供数百种追踪服务。相反，那些可能提高个人保护的流行网络扩展，例如DoNotTrackMe，实际上被少数用户（3.5%）安装。由此产生的图片证明了这种现象是多么普遍，并呼吁人们、研究人员和监管机构提高对互联网隐私的敏感度。
During the visit to any website, the average internaut may face scripts that upload personal information to so called online trackers, invisible third party services that collect information about users and profile them. This is no news, and many works in the past tried to measure the extensiveness of this phenomenon. All of them ran active measurement campaigns via crawlers. In this paper, we observe the phenomenon from a passive angle, to naturally factor the diversity of the Internet and of its users. We analyze a large dataset of passively collected traffic summaries to observe how pervasive online tracking is. We see more than 400 tracking services being contacted by unaware users, of which the top 100 are regularly reached by more than 50 % of Internauts, with top three that are practically impossible to escape. Worse, more than 80 % of users gets in touch the first tracker within 1 second after starting navigating. And we see a lot of websites that hosts hundreds of tracking services. Conversely, those popular web extensions that may improve personal protection, e.g., DoNotTrackMe, are actually installed by a handful of users (3.5 %). The resulting picture witnesses how pervasive the phenomenon is, and calls for an increase of the sensibility of people, researchers and regulators toward privacy in the Internet.