HIGH-RESOLUTION OPTICAL IMAGING OF FUNCTIONAL BRAIN ARCHITECTURE IN THE AWAKE MONKEY
HIGH-RESOLUTION OPTICAL IMAGING OF FUNCTIONAL BRAIN ARCHITECTURE IN THE AWAKE MONKEY
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.88.24.11559
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发表时间：
1991-12-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
BARTFELD, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
GRINVALD, A;FROSTIG, RD;BARTFELD, E
基于固有信号的大脑皮质功能结构的光学成像是研究活的哺乳动物大脑的发育、组织和功能的有用工具。这种相对非侵入性的技术是基于大脑皮质光学特性的微小活动依赖的变化。到目前为止，功能成像只在麻醉的动物身上进行。在这里，我们确定这项技术也适用于探索清醒行为的灵长类动物的大脑。我们设计了一个慢性密封室，并将其安装在食蟹猴(Macaca Fascularis)初级视皮层上方的头骨上，以允许通过透明玻璃窗进行成像。在清醒的猴子成像实验中，仅限制头部位置就足以消除运动噪声。当清醒的猴子轮流观看视频电影时，只需给暴露的皮质拍照，就可以实现眼睛优势柱和细胞色素氧化酶斑点的高分辨率成像。此外，无需将数据采集与动物的呼吸和心电图同步，即可获得功能图。麻醉猴和清醒猴脑内信号的波长依赖性和时程相似，表明信号来源相同。因此，我们得出结论，光学成像非常适合于探索与灵长类动物高级认知脑功能相关的功能组织，并为神经外科手术中描绘人类患者的功能边界和评估患者的适当功能提供了一种诊断工具。
Optical imaging of the functional architecture of cortex, based on intrinsic signals, is a useful tool for the study of the development, organization, and function of the living mammalian brain. This relatively noninvasive technique is based on small activity-dependent changes of the optical properties of cortex. Thus far, functional imaging has been performed only on anesthetized animals. Here we establish that this technique is also suitable for exploring the brain of awake behaving primates. We designed a chronic sealed chamber and mounted it on the skull of a cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) over the primary visual cortex to permit imaging through a transparent glass window. Restriction of head position alone was sufficient to eliminate movement noise in awake monkey imaging experiments. High-resolution imaging of the ocular dominance columns and the cytochrome oxidase blobs was achieved simply by taking pictures of the exposed cortex when the awake monkey was viewing video movies alternatively with each eye. Furthermore, the functional maps could be obtained without synchronization of the data acquisition to the animal's respiration and the electrocardiogram. The wavelength dependency and time course of the intrinsic signal were similar in anesthetized and awake monkeys, indicating that the signal sources were the same. We therefore conclude that optical imaging is well suited for exploring functional organization related to higher cognitive brain functions of the primate as well as providing a diagnostic tool for delineating functional cortical borders and assessing proper functions of human patients during neurosurgery.