Vibrio cholerae adapts to sessile and motile lifestyles by cyclic di-GMP regulation of cell shape
Vibrio cholerae adapts to sessile and motile lifestyles by cyclic di-GMP regulation of cell shape
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2010199117
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发表时间：
2020-11-17
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Waters, Christopher M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fernandez, Nicolas L.;Hsueh, Brian Y.;Waters, Christopher M.
杆状细菌的细胞形态由形成细胞壁的肽聚糖的刚性网决定。通过操纵细胞壁合成过程，可改变杆状，如弯曲杆状。人类病原体霍乱弧菌通常以弯曲杆存在，但在某些条件下观察到直杆。虽然这似乎是一个受调节的过程，但尚未确定控制胆总管中细胞形状转变的调节途径以及在杆状和弯曲形状之间切换的益处。我们证明，在霍乱弧菌的细胞形状是由细菌的第二信使环二聚鸟苷一磷酸（c-di-GMP）的转录后抑制crvA，一个基因编码的中间的曲率形成所必需的蛋白质。这种调节是由转录级联介导的，转录级联也诱导生物膜基质组分的产生，表明细胞形状与霍乱弧菌诱导的无柄性共调节。在小菌落形成过程中，野生型霍乱弧菌细胞倾向于以直杆存在，而基因工程细胞保持高曲率减少了小菌落形成和生物膜密度。相反，当在液体中使用鞭毛运动时，直型霍乱弧菌突变体具有降低的游泳速度。我们的研究结果表明，细菌细胞形状的调节是一种机制，以增加健身的自我调节和生物膜的生活方式。
The cell morphology of rod-shaped bacteria is determined by the rigid net of peptidoglycan forming the cell wall. Alterations to the rod shape, such as the curved rod, occur through manipu-lating the process of cell wall synthesis. The human pathogen Vibrio cholerae typically exists as a curved rod, but straight rods have been observed under certain conditions. While this appears to be a regulated process, the regulatory pathways controlling cell shape transitions in V. cholerae and the benefits of switching between rod and curved shape have not been determined. We demonstrate that cell shape in V. cholerae is regulated by the bacterial second messenger cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) by post transcriptionally repressing expression of crvA, a gene encoding an intermediate filament-like protein necessary for curvature formation in V. cholerae. This regulation is mediated by the transcriptional cascade that also induces production of biofilm matrix components, indicating that cell shape is coregulated with V. cholerae's induction of sessility. During microcolony formation, wild-type V. cholerae cells tended to exist as straight rods, while genetically engineering cells to maintain high curvature reduced microcolony formation and biofilm density. Conversely, straight V. cholerae mutants have reduced swimming speed when using flagellar motility in liquid. Our results demonstrate regulation of cell shape in bacteria is a mechanism to increase fitness in planktonic and biofilm lifestyles.