What Is Ego Depletion? Toward a Mechanistic Revision of the Resource Model of Self-Control
What Is Ego Depletion? Toward a Mechanistic Revision of the Resource Model of Self-Control
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DOI：
10.1177/1745691612454134
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发表时间：
2012-09-01
影响因子：
12.6
通讯作者：
Schmeichel, Brandon J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Inzlicht, Michael;Schmeichel, Brandon J.
根据自我控制的资源模型，克服一个人的主要反应倾向会消耗并暂时耗尽有限的内部资源。超过100个实验都支持这种自我损耗的模型，它们观察到时间1的自我控制行为会降低时间2的后续看似无关的自我控制任务的表现。因此，现在时机已经成熟，不仅要扩大模型的范围，而且要开始对其进行精确、机械的解释。因此，在本文中，作者探讨了自我控制及其消耗的特定认知、情感和动机机制，并问道：“什么是自我消耗？“这项研究提出了一个消耗的过程模型，表明在时间1施加自我控制会导致动机和注意力的暂时变化，从而破坏时间2的自我控制。文章强调了支持这一模型的证据，但也强调了缺乏证据的地方，从而为未来的研究提供了蓝图。尽管消耗的过程模型可能会牺牲资源隐喻的优雅，但它描绘了一幅更精确的自我消耗图，并为未来的研究提出了几个细微的预测。
According to the resource model of self-control, overriding one's predominant response tendencies consumes and temporarily depletes a limited inner resource. Over 100 experiments have lent support to this model of ego depletion by observing that acts of self-control at Time 1 reduce performance on subsequent, seemingly unrelated self-control tasks at Time 2. The time is now ripe, therefore, not only to broaden the scope of the model but to start gaining a precise, mechanistic account of it. Accordingly, in the current article, the authors probe the particular cognitive, affective, and motivational mechanics of self-control and its depletion, asking, "What is ego depletion?" This study proposes a process model of depletion, suggesting that exerting self-control at Time 1 causes temporary shifts in both motivation and attention that undermine self-control at Time 2. The article highlights evidence in support of this model but also highlights where evidence is lacking, thus providing a blueprint for future research. Though the process model of depletion may sacrifice the elegance of the resource metaphor, it paints a more precise picture of ego depletion and suggests several nuanced predictions for future research.