Antifungal Effects of Rhizospheric Bacillus Species Against Bayberry Twig Blight Pathogen Pestalotiopsis versicolor
Antifungal Effects of Rhizospheric Bacillus Species Against Bayberry Twig Blight Pathogen Pestalotiopsis versicolor
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DOI：
10.3390/agronomy10111811
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发表时间：
2020-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Li, Bin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ali, Md. Arshad;Ren, Haiying;Li, Bin
杨梅是一种营养丰富、深受欢迎的水果。杨梅枝枯病是由植物病原真菌变色拟盘多毛孢（Pestalotiopsis versicolor）XJ 27引起的，严重影响杨梅生产。传统的控制技术，如化学杀真菌剂，被用来控制这种疾病，但是，这些技术造成环境和健康危害。本研究筛选出对杨梅枝枯病病原菌具有生防潜力的甘薯根际细菌XJ 27。10个菌株表现出抑制作用，暹罗芽孢杆菌S3和龙舌兰芽孢杆菌S5表现出最高的真菌生长抑制作用。拮抗菌S3和S5对菌丝生长的抑制率分别为82.9%和76.2%。其胞外培养物对菌丝生长的抑制率分别为86.8%和82.2%。在离体叶片试验中，S3和S5的胞外培养物对叶片病斑的抑制率分别为82.3%和76.2%。扫描电镜和透射电镜显示，拮抗细菌引起的菌丝结构严重受损。其抑菌机制可能与细菌产生的水解酶和脂肽有关。S3和S5都具有几丁质酶和蛋白酶活性;它们产生一系列脂肽，如表面活性素、伊枯草菌素和真菌枯草菌素。因此，我们可以建议这些细菌作为生物防治剂杨梅枝枯病作为替代杀菌剂的基础上，其属性的抗真菌活性。
Bayberry is an attractive, nutritious, and popular fruit in China. The plant fungal pathogen Pestalotiopsis versicolor XJ27 is the causative agent of bayberry twig blight disease, which severely affects bayberry production. Traditional control techniques, such as chemical fungicides, are being used to control this disease; however, these techniques cause environmental and health hazards. In this study, we screened sweet potato rhizospheric bacteria with biocontrol potentials against P. versicolor XJ27, the bayberry twig blight pathogen. Ten isolates showed inhibition; Bacillus siamensis S3 and Bacillus tequilensis S5 showed the highest fungal growth inhibition. The antagonistic bacterial culture suspensions of S3 and S5 inhibited the mycelial growth by 82.9% and 76.2%, respectively. Their extracellular culture filtrates had mycelial growth inhibition of 86.8% and 82.2%, respectively. In detached leaf assay, the extracellular culture filtrates of S3 and S5 inhibited the size of the leaf lesion by 82.3% and 76.2%, respectively. SEM and TEM imaging showed a severe hyphal-damaged structure caused by the antagonistic bacteria. The fungal inhibition mechanisms might employ the hydrolytic enzymes and lipopeptides produced by the bacteria. Both the S3 and S5 have chitinase and protease activity; they produce a series of lipopeptides such as surfactin, iturin, and mycosubtilin. Therefore, we can suggest these bacteria as biocontrol agents for bayberry twig blight disease as an alternative to fungicides based upon their attributes of antifungal activity.