Contribution of drinking patterns to differences in rates of alcohol related problems between three urban populations
Contribution of drinking patterns to differences in rates of alcohol related problems between three urban populations
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DOI：
10.1136/jech.2003.011825
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发表时间：
2004-03-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Marmot, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bobak, M;Room, R;Marmot, M
目的：研究，经验数据，是否饮酒模式，除了总的酒精消费量，有助于人口之间的酒精相关问题的差异率。设计：横断面调查。设置：一个俄罗斯，一个波兰，和一个捷克城市。参与者：1118名男性和1125名女性随机选择的人口登记。主要结果措施：问题饮酒，饮酒的负面社会后果。结果：俄罗斯男性的问题饮酒率和饮酒的负面后果率（分别为35%和18%）远高于捷克人（19%和10%）或波兰人（14%和8%）。这与俄罗斯男性报告的平均年酒精摄入量（4.6升）比捷克男性（8.5升）低得多，以及俄罗斯的平均饮酒频率低（每年67次饮酒，而捷克男性为179次）形成鲜明对比。然而，俄罗斯人每次饮酒的酒精摄入量最高（俄罗斯人为71克，捷克人为46克，波兰人为45克），并且酗酒的患病率最高。在所有国家，妇女与酒精有关的问题和饮酒的程度都很低。在生态和个人层面的分析，酗酒的指标解释了很大一部分的差异率的问题饮酒和饮酒的负面后果之间的three countries.Conclusions：这些经验数据证实高水平的酒精相关的问题，在俄罗斯，尽管低容量的饮酒。酗酒模式部分解释了这一自相矛盾的发现。总的酒精消费量不足以估计人口一级与酒精有关的问题。
Objectives: To examine, on empirical data, whether drinking patterns, in addition to overall alcohol consumption, contribute to differences in rates of alcohol related problems between populations.Design: Cross sectional survey.Settings: One Russian, one Polish, and one Czech city.Participants: 1118 men and 1125 women randomly selected from population registers.Main outcome measures: Problem drinking; negative social consequences of drinking; alcohol consumption and drinking pattern.Results: Rates of problem drinking and of negative consequences of drinking were much higher in Russian men (35% and 18%, respectively) than in Czechs (19% and 10%) or Poles (14% and 8%). This contrasts with substantially lower mean annual intake of alcohol reported by Russian men (4.6 litres) than by Czech men (8.5 litres), and with low mean drinking frequency in Russia ( 67 drinking sessions per year, compared with 179 sessions among Czech men). However, Russians consumed the highest dose of alcohol per drinking session ( means 71 g in Russians, 46 g in Czechs, and 45 g in Poles), and had the highest prevalence of binge drinking. In women, the levels of alcohol related problems and of drinking were low in all countries. In ecological and individual level analyses, indicators of binge drinking explained a substantial part of differences in rates of problem drinking and negative consequences of drinking between the three countries.Conclusions: These empirical data confirm high levels of alcohol related problems in Russia despite low volume of drinking. The binge drinking pattern partly explains this paradoxical finding. Overall alcohol consumption does not suffice as an estimate of alcohol related problems at the population level.