Human-environment interactions within the West Liao River Basin in Northeastern China during the Holocene Optimum
Human-environment interactions within the West Liao River Basin in Northeastern China during the Holocene Optimum
复制标题
全新世最佳时期中国东北西辽河流域人地相互作用
DOI：
10.1016/j.quaint.2016.01.011
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发表时间：
2016-12-28
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Lu, Huayu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jia, Xin;Lee, Harry F.;Lu, Huayu
新石器时代中国的文化研究主要集中在社会方面以及与这些文化相关的人与环境的相互作用。然而，东北地区新石器时代遗址空间分布的不均匀性尚未得到研究。本研究基于中国东北新石器文化中心西辽河流域4184个新石器时代遗址的空间分布，结合10个考古遗址的5个剖面和22个植物浮选样品的光激发发光（OSL）测年和花粉分析，追溯了全新世最佳时期人类定居模式与农业生态环境的关系。绝大多数新石器时代遗址（约占96.7%）位于科尔沁高原南缘西辽河流域北纬43度30度以南。dunefield在全新世最佳时期被普遍假设为植被，当时是典型的草原，不适合种植新石器文化的主要作物谷子。我们的研究结果和其他考古遗址记录表明，北纬43度30度是新石器时代中国东北地区人类住区扩散的显著障碍。这个屏障可能是由于谷子的耐霜性较低，以及与纬度相关的温度梯度，使得当时在这个纬度以北的地区不可能进行大规模的农业生产。研究结果为全新世最佳期中国东北地区新石器文化的自然北界提供了证据。(C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd和INQUA。版权所有。
Cultural studies of Neolithic China have focused on the social aspects and the human-environment interactions associated with those cultures. However, the uneven spatial distribution of Neolithic sites in Northeastern China has not yet been explored. This study traces the relationship between human settlement patterns and the agro-ecological environment during the Holocene Optimum, based on the spatial distribution of 4184 Neolithic sites, together with optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating and pollen analysis of five profiles and 22 plant flotation samples from 10 of the archaeological sites in the West Liao River Basin, the hub of Neolithic Cultures in Northeastern China. The overwhelming majority (similar to 96.7%) of the Neolithic sites are located south of 43 degrees 30'N latitude in the West Liao River Basin on the southern fringe of the Horqin Dunefield. The dunefield, which has been commonly hypothesized as vegetated during the Holocene Optimum, was a typical steppe at that time and not suitable for growing millet, the primary staple crop of Neolithic Cultures. Our results and other archaeological site records reveal that the 43 degrees 30'N latitude was a remarkable barrier for the dispersal of human settlements in Northeastern China during the Neolithic Age. The barrier was probably formed by the low frost tolerance of millet and the temperature gradient associated with the latitude, making large-scale agricultural production impossible in the regions north of this latitude at the time. Our findings provide evidence for the natural northern limit of Neolithic Cultures in Northeastern China during the Holocene Optimum. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.