Amnesia and recognition memory: A re-analysis of psychometric data
Amnesia and recognition memory: A re-analysis of psychometric data
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DOI：
10.1016/0028-3932(95)00150-6
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发表时间：
1996-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Shaw, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aggleton, JP;Shaw, C
本研究采用标准测验的分数，比较了不同遗忘组的再认记忆缺陷。这些数据来自文献检索，来自33项报告健忘症受试者在识别记忆测试（RMT）中表现的研究[77]。总共有112名健忘症患者根据他们的病理进行分组。此外，该分析还包括精神分裂症、杏仁核损伤或额叶损伤的受试者。在这三个非失忆组中，只有额叶受试者在两个RMT子测试中都受到了损害，而精神分裂症患者在面孔识别方面表现出不成比例的损害。杏仁核受试者的面部识别能力也很差。在健忘症组中，发现那些可能有多个病理部位（例如Korsakoff健忘症、脑炎后）的受试者在RMT上受损最严重。相比之下，那些海马体、穹窿或乳头体区域有更多局灶性边缘损伤的健忘症患者在RMT任务中表现出更温和的缺陷，其中一些表现在正常水平。尽管他们显然没有意识到，但那些边缘系统损伤的受试者的遗忘症的总体严重程度似乎与其余的遗忘症患者相当。这些发现表明，缺陷的两个分测试的RMT是一个常见的，但不是不可避免的组成部分顺行性遗忘。他们还指出了与海马体或其间脑靶区的选择性损伤相关的一个独特的健忘症亚组，在某些测试条件下，这些亚组的识别能力相对较低。
The present study compared the recognition memory deficit in different groups of amnesics using scores from a standard test. The data, taken from a literature search, came from 33 studies reporting the performance of amnesic subjects on the recognition memory test (RMT) [77]. A total of 112 amnesic subjects were grouped according to their pathology. In addition, the analysis included subjects with schizophrenia, amygdala damage, or frontal lobe damage. Of these three nonamnesic groups, only the frontal lobe subjects were impaired on both RMT subtests, while the schizophrenics showed a disproportionate impairment for the recognition of faces. The amygdala subjects were also poor at face recognition. Among the amnesic groups, those subjects likely to have multiple sites of pathology (e.g. Korsakoff amnesics, post-encephalitics) were found to be the most impaired on the RMT. In contrast, those amnesics with more focal, limbic lesions in the hippocampus, fornix, or mamillary body region showed much milder deficits on the RMT task, some performing at normal levels. Despite their apparent sparing of recognition, the overall severity of amnesia in those subjects with limbic lesions appeared comparable to that in the remaining amnesics. These findings indicate that deficits on both subtests of the RMT are a frequent but not inevitable component of anterograde amnesia. They also point to a distinct subgroup of amnesias associated with selective damage in the hippocampus or its diencephalic targets, in which there is a relative sparing of recognition under certain test conditions.