Hanging on for the ride: Adhesion to the extracellular matrix mediates cellular responses in skeletal muscle morphogenesis and disease
Hanging on for the ride: Adhesion to the extracellular matrix mediates cellular responses in skeletal muscle morphogenesis and disease
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.01.002
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发表时间：
2015-05-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Henry, Clarissa A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goody, Michelle F.;Sher, Roger B.;Henry, Clarissa A.
骨骼肌在早期发育过程中的规格和形态发生是正常生理的关键。除了介导运动外，骨骼肌还是有助于代谢稳态的分泌器官。肌肉是高度适应性的组织，如通过响应于负重运动而增加肌肉细胞大小和/或数量的能力所证明的。相反，肌肉萎缩可以发生在衰老（肌肉减少症）、癌症（癌症恶病质）、长期住院（废用性萎缩）以及统称为肌肉萎缩症和肌病的许多遗传疾病中。因此，了解介导骨骼肌发育和适应的细胞和分子机制是非常有趣的。肌肉形态发生将短的肌肉前体细胞转化为长的多核肌管，其通过肌腱连接部锚于肌腱。这一过程需要精心策划细胞与其细胞外基质微环境之间的相互作用。这些相互作用是动态的，允许肌肉细胞感知其微环境中的生物物理，结构，组织和/或信号变化并做出适当的反应。在许多肌肉骨骼疾病中，这些细胞粘附相互作用被破坏到正常细胞适应性反应不足以补偿累积损伤的程度。因此，目前研究的一个主要重点是确定驱动肌肉形态发生的细胞粘附机制，希望了解肌肉细胞粘附如何促进肌肉组织在发育过程中的内在适应性，可能会为肌肉疾病的潜在治疗方法提供见解。我们在这篇综述中的目标是强调最近的研究表明保守的作用，细胞-细胞外基质粘附在脊椎动物肌肉形态发生和细胞适应性反应的肌肉疾病的动物模型。(C)2015爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
Skeletal muscle specification and morphogenesis during early development are critical for normal physiology. In addition to mediating locomotion, skeletal muscle is a secretory organ that contributes to metabolic homeostasis. Muscle is a highly adaptable tissue, as evidenced by the ability to increase muscle cell size and/or number in response to weight bearing exercise. Conversely, muscle wasting can occur during aging (sarcopenia), cancer (cancer cachexia), extended hospital stays (disuse atrophy), and in many genetic diseases collectively known as the muscular dystrophies and myopathies. It is therefore of great interest to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms that mediate skeletal muscle development and adaptation. Muscle morphogenesis transforms short muscle precursor cells into long, multinucleate myotubes that anchor to tendons via the myotendinous junction. This process requires carefully orchestrated interactions between cells and their extracellular matrix microenvironment. These interactions are dynamic, allowing muscle cells to sense biophysical, structural, organizational, and/or signaling changes within their microenvironment and respond appropriately. In many musculoskeletal diseases, these cell adhesion interactions are disrupted to such a degree that normal cellular adaptive responses are not sufficient to compensate for accumulating damage. Thus, one major focus of current research is to identify the cell adhesion mechanisms that drive muscle morphogenesis, with the hope that understanding how muscle cell adhesion promotes the intrinsic adaptability of muscle tissue during development may provide insight into potential therapeutic approaches for muscle diseases. Our objectives in this review are to highlight recent studies suggesting conserved roles for cell-extracellular matrix adhesion in vertebrate muscle morphogenesis and cellular adaptive responses in animal models of muscle diseases. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.