Charles Skinner Hallpike and the beginnings of neurotolgy
Charles Skinner Hallpike and the beginnings of neurotolgy
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DOI：
10.1212/wnl.54.11.2138
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发表时间：
2000-06-13
期刊：
影响因子：
9.9
通讯作者：
Baloh, RW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baloh, RW
虽然眩晕的症状早在几千年前就被人们所熟知，但直到19世纪中叶Prosper Meniere的开创性工作才意识到眩晕可以起源于内耳的损伤。在此之前，眩晕患者(不管是什么原因)被认为患有“大脑充血”，这是一种由于大脑充血过多而导致的疾病。放血和水蛭以缓解拥堵是首选的治疗方法。1938年，哈尔派克和凯恩斯在梅尼埃病患者的颞骨标本中发现内淋巴积液，标志着现代神经学的开始。首次将眩晕与特定的病理生理联系起来。在他的颞骨工作的推动下，查尔斯·哈尔派克得到了位于皇后广场的国家医院的预约，在那里他建立了一家国际知名的神经病学诊所。他的双温冷热试验和体位试验仍被常规用于眩晕患者的评估。
Although the symptom of vertigo had been well-recognized for several thousand years, it was not until the pioneering work of Prosper Meniere in the mid-19th century that it was appreciated that vertigo could originate from damage to the inner ear. Before that time, patients with vertigo (regardless of the cause) were said to have "cerebral congestion," a condition resulting from excessive blood filling the brain. Bloodletting and leeches to relieve the congestion were the treatment of choice. The discovery of endolymphatic hydrops in temporal bone specimens from patients with Meniere's disease by Hallpike and Cairns in 1938 marked the beginning of modern neurotology. For the first time, vertigo was correlated with specific pathophysiology. Propelled by his temporal bone work, Charles Hallpike received an appointment at the National Hospital at Queen Square, where he developed an internationally renowned neurotology clinic. His bithermal caloric test and positional tests are still routinely used in evaluation of the vertiginous patient.