Structure and Dynamics of Lithosphere and Asthenosphere in Asia: A Seismological Perspective
Structure and Dynamics of Lithosphere and Asthenosphere in Asia: A Seismological Perspective
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DOI：
10.1029/2022gl101704
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发表时间：
2023-04
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Jincheng Ma;H. Bunge;A. Fichtner;Sung‐Joon Chang;You Tian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jincheng Ma;H. Bunge;A. Fichtner;Sung‐Joon Chang;You Tian
了解岩石圈结构对于理解大陆碰撞和海洋俯冲对地表构造构造的影响至关重要。全波形断层扫描图像揭示了亚洲岩石圈和软流圈的横向异质性和各向异性。根据深度地震速度降低估计岩石圈厚度在不同构造单元下表现出很大的变化。最厚的克拉通根部存在于四川、鄂尔多斯、塔里木盆地和印度中部的下方。 11个代表性构造省的径向各向异性特征揭示了它们各自过去和现在变形的不同性质和地球动力学过程。大规模大陆岩石圈变形的特点是从喜马拉雅造山带到中亚贝加尔裂谷带的低速异常，加上碰撞后地壳增厚。岩石圈下方约100-300公里深度的水平低速层表明东亚和东南亚下方存在软流圈，其非均质各向异性表明了河道流。
Knowledge of lithospheric structure is essential for understanding the impact of continental collision and oceanic subduction on surface tectonic configurations. Full‐waveform tomographic images reveal lateral heterogeneities and anisotropy of the lithosphere and asthenosphere in Asia. Estimating lithospheric thickness from seismic velocity reductions at depth exhibits large variations underneath different tectonic units. The thickest cratonic roots are present beneath the Sichuan, Ordos, and Tarim basins and central India. Radial anisotropy signatures of 11 representative tectonic provinces uncover the different nature and geodynamic processes of their respective past and present deformation. The large‐scale continental lithospheric deformation is characterized by low‐velocity anomalies from the Himalayan Orogen to the Baikal rift zone in central Asia, coupled with the post‐collision thickening of the crust. The horizontal low‐velocity layer of ∼100–300 km depth extent below the lithosphere points toward the existence of the asthenosphere beneath East and Southeast Asia, with heterogeneous anisotropy indicative of channel flows.