Deep-sea hydrothermal vent sediments reveal diverse fungi with antibacterial activities
Deep-sea hydrothermal vent sediments reveal diverse fungi with antibacterial activities
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DOI：
10.1093/femsec/fiab103
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发表时间：
2021-07-10
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Edgcomb，Virginia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Keeler，Emma;Burgaud，Gaetan;Edgcomb，Virginia
人们对深海热液沉积物中真菌的多样性知之甚少。未被彻底开发的环境可能是独特生物多样性的未开发储藏库，有可能扩大我们目前的微生物化合物武器库，用于生物医学和/或工业应用。在这项研究中，我们应用基于传统培养的方法，检测了来自墨西哥瓜伊马斯盆地海底8个地点的11个受水热影响的沉积物样本中丝状真菌和酵母的形态和系统发育多样性的子集。根据形态特征和标记基因(包括肌动蛋白、β微管蛋白、小亚基核糖体基因(18SRRNA)、内转录间隔区(ITS)和大亚基核糖体基因(26SRRNA))的序列(取决于分类单元)，获得了子囊菌门和担子菌门的12个独特的分离物，并对其进行了分类鉴定。共有11个分离物具有以前在深海环境中检测到的或从深海环境中发现的同系物。共有7株菌株对人类致病菌金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC-35556和/或大肠埃希菌ATCC-25922具有抗菌活性。这一首次调查表明，热液环境可能是具有更大真菌多样性的有希望的储藏库，其中一些可能产生生物医学上有用的代谢物。
Relatively little is known about the diversity of fungi in deep-sea, hydrothermal sediments. Less thoroughly explored environments are likely untapped reservoirs of unique biodiversity with the potential to augment our current arsenal of microbial compounds with biomedical and/or industrial applications. In this study, we applied traditional culture-based methods to examine a subset of the morphological and phylogenetic diversity of filamentous fungi and yeasts present in 11 hydrothermally influenced sediment samples collected from eight sites on the seafloor of Guaymas Basin, Mexico. A total of 12 unique isolates affiliating with Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were obtained and taxonomically identified on the basis of morphological features and analyses of marker genes including actin, β-tubulin, small subunit ribosomal DNA (18S rRNA), internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit ribosomal DNA (26S rRNA) D1/D2 domain sequences (depending on taxon). A total of 11 isolates possess congeners previously detected in, or recovered from, deep-sea environments. A total of seven isolates exhibited antibacterial activity against human bacterial pathogensStaphylococcus aureusATCC-35556 and/orEscherichia coliATCC-25922. This first investigation suggests that hydrothermal environments may serve as promising reservoirs of much greater fungal diversity, some of which may produce biomedically useful metabolites.