Reproductive pattern in the solanum mealybug, Phenacoccus solani: A new perspective
Reproductive pattern in the solanum mealybug, Phenacoccus solani: A new perspective
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茄粉蚧的繁殖模式：一个新的视角
DOI：
10.7717/peerj.9734
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发表时间：
2020-08-25
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Lu, Yaobin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang, Jun;Zhi, Fuying;Lu, Yaobin
背景。大多数介壳虫的繁殖方式是卵胎生。茄粉虱Phenacoccus solani（半翅目：拟球虫科）被称为产雌孤雌生殖物种，但关于该物种的繁殖策略仍存在争议。在这里，我们研究了 P. solani 的产卵特征，并使用扫描/透射电子显微镜和 RNA-seq 来识别两种类型卵之间的差异。结果。我们发现，茄斑病菌在一批中产下两种类型的卵，其外观大小没有显着差异：一种是有眼斑的卵，但孵化失败；另一种是没有眼斑的卵，但未能孵化。此外，两种鸡蛋之间的生理和分子差异非常显着。 KEGG 富集分析显示 JAK-STAT、Notch、Hippo 和 Wnt 信号通路以及背腹轴形成、蜡生物合成、细胞周期、胰岛素分泌和氮代谢通路显着富集。结果表明，鸡蛋的胚胎在母体内部发育，在母体外部仅经历短暂的蜕皮期。讨论。卵胎生物种产生卵并将其保留在母亲体内直到准备孵化，并且后代在产卵期间或产卵后立即离开卵壳。因此，我们认为立枯病菌的繁殖方式可以描述为卵胎生。
Background. The reproductive pattern of most scale insects is ovoviviparity. The solanum mealybug, Phenacoccus solani (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is known as a thelytokous parthenogenetic species, but there is still debate about the reproductive strategies of this species.Methods. Here, we investigated the oviposition characteristics of P. solani and used scanning/transmission electron microscopy and RNA-seq to identify the differences between two types of eggs.Results. We found that P. solani laid two types of eggs in one batch, with no significant difference in apparent size: one with eyespots that hatched and another without eyespots that failed to hatch. Furthermore, the physiological and molecular differences between the two types of eggs were highly significant. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed significant enrichment for the JAK-STAT, Notch, Hippo, and Wnt signaling pathways and dorsoventral axis formation, wax biosynthesis, cell cycle, insulin secretion, and nitrogen metabolism pathways. The results suggest that the embryo of the egg undergoes development inside the mother and only a short molting period outside the mother.Discussion. Ovoviviparous species produce eggs and keep them inside the mother's body until they are ready to hatch, and the offspring exits the egg shell during or immediately following oviposition. Therefore, we suggest that the reproductive pattern of P. solani can be described as ovoviviparity.