Kryging: geostatistical analysis of large-scale datasets using Krylov subspace methods

Kryging: geostatistical analysis of large-scale datasets using Krylov subspace methods
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Kryging:使用 Krylov 子空间方法对大规模数据集进行地统计分析

DOI:
10.1007/s11222-022-10104-3
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
2.2
通讯作者:
Saibaba, Arvind K.
Saibaba, Arvind K.
中科院分区:
数学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Majumder, Suman;Guan, Yawen;Reich, Brian J.;Saibaba, Arvind K.

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使用高斯过程模型分析大量空间数据集带来了计算挑战。这是环境建模、生态学、林业和环境健康等应用中普遍存在的问题。本文提出了一种新的近似推理方法,利用轮廓似然和Krylov子空间方法估计空间协方差参数,并对点参考空间数据进行不确定性量化的空间预测。“Kryging”结合了Kriging和Krylov子空间方法,适用于规则网格和不规则间距的观测,以及任何具有平稳各向同性(和某些几何各向异性)协方差函数的高斯过程,包括流行的mat<s:1>协方差族。我们利用Toeplitz块结构和协方差矩阵的Toeplitz块,并使用快速傅立叶变换方法来绕过逼近对数行列式和矩阵向量乘积的计算和内存瓶颈。我们进行了广泛的模拟研究,通过不同的样本量、空间参数值和抽样设计来显示我们模型的有效性。本文还对MODIS卫星采集的地表温度数据集进行了实际应用。与现有方法相比,该方法具有计算时间短、可扩展性好等优点。
Analyzing massive spatial datasets using a Gaussian process model poses computational challenges. This is a problem prevailing heavily in applications such as environmental modeling, ecology, forestry and environmental health. We present a novel approximate inference methodology that uses profile likelihood and Krylov subspace methods to estimate the spatial covariance parameters and makes spatial predictions with uncertainty quantification for point-referenced spatial data. “Kryging” combines Kriging and Krylov subspace methods and applies for both observations on regular grid and irregularly spaced observations, and for any Gaussian process with a stationary isotropic (and certain geometrically anisotropic) covariance function, including the popular Matérn  covariance family. We make use of the block Toeplitz structure with Toeplitz blocks of the covariance matrix and use fast Fourier transform methods to bypass the computational and memory bottlenecks of approximating log-determinant and matrix-vector products. We perform extensive simulation studies to show the effectiveness of our model by varying sample sizes, spatial parameter values and sampling designs. A real data application is also performed on a dataset consisting of land surface temperature readings taken by the MODIS satellite. Compared to existing methods, the proposed method performs satisfactorily with much less computation time and better scalability.
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