The Processing of Unexpected Positive Response Outcomes in the Mediofrontal Cortex
The Processing of Unexpected Positive Response Outcomes in the Mediofrontal Cortex
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.1410-12.2012
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发表时间：
2012-08-29
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Gehring, William J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ferdinand, Nicola K.;Mecklinger, Axel;Gehring, William J.
人们通常认为人类中额叶皮层，尤其是前扣带皮层有助于更高的认知功能，例如表现监控。目前，究竟如何实现这一目标是激烈争论的话题，但有证据表明，事件的效价及其预期发挥着重要作用。 Holroyd 及其同事 (2002, 2008) 的强化学习理论这一著名理论为反馈效价赋予了特殊的作用，而 Alexander 和 Brown (2010, 2011) 的反应结果 (PRO) 模型预测则声称中额叶皮层对意外事件敏感，无论其效价如何。然而，研究这个问题的范式包括无法区分效价和期望的混杂因素。在本研究中，我们通过使用分离绩效反馈的效价和意外性的实验任务来测试两种相互竞争的绩效监控理论。事件相关电位的反馈相关负性通常被认为是中额叶皮层活动的反映，不仅是由意外的负反馈引起的，而且也是由意外的正反馈引起的。这意味着中额叶皮层对一般事件的意外性而不是其效价敏感，因此支持 PRO 模型。
The human mediofrontal cortex, especially the anterior cingulate cortex, is commonly assumed to contribute to higher cognitive functions like performance monitoring. How exactly this is achieved is currently the subject of lively debate but there is evidence that an event's valence and its expectancy play important roles. One prominent theory, the reinforcement learning theory by Holroyd and colleagues (2002, 2008), assigns a special role to feedback valence, while the prediction of response-outcome (PRO) model by Alexander and Brown (2010, 2011) claims that the mediofrontal cortex is sensitive to unexpected events regardless of their valence. However, paradigms examining this issue have included confounds that fail to separate valence and expectancy.In the present study, we tested the two competing theories of performance monitoring by using an experimental task that separates valence and unexpectedness of performance feedback. The feedback-related negativity of the event-related potential, which is commonly assumed to be a reflection of mediofrontal cortex activity, was elicited not only by unexpected negative feedback, but also by unexpected positive feedback. This implies that the mediofrontal cortex is sensitive to the unexpectedness of events in general rather than their valence and by this supports the PRO model.