The fate and risk assessment of psychiatric pharmaceuticals from psychiatric hospital effluent
The fate and risk assessment of psychiatric pharmaceuticals from psychiatric hospital effluent
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精神病医院废水中精神药物的归宿和风险评估
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.12.049
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Xu G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xiang Jiajia;Fu Chao;Gu Jianzhong;Xu Gang;Wu Minghong;Lei Jianqiu;Xu G
精神科药物因其在环境中的存在及其对生态系统和人类健康的潜在影响的报道越来越多地受到公众的关注。本文研究了上海市3家精神科医院污水中15种精神科药物的发生和去向，调查了医院污水对地表水、地下水、土壤和植物的影响。阿米替林(83.5 7 ng L−1)和劳拉西潘(2 2 2 6 ng L−1)的血药浓度最高，且在医院流出物中频繁出现。地表水中劳拉西潘(8.27ngL−1)、卡马西平(83.80ngL−1)和安定(79.33ngL−1)的测定值较高。地下水中劳拉西潘的浓度(46.83ngL−1)高于其他报道。在所有三个土点中只检测到6种目标化合物，符合极低的浓度。碱性药物更容易被土壤吸附。在植物组织中经常检测到卡马西平(1.29ngg−1)和劳拉西潘(2.95ngg−1)。相关性分析(Spearman相关分析)表明，精神科药物污染物的主要来源可能是医院污水(从污水到地表水；从地表水到地下水)。然而，从稀释因子分析的角度来看，医院污水并不是唯一的污染源。虽然风险评价表明，对水生生物的风险较低，但持续排放的污染物可能会造成潜在的环境问题。
Psychiatric pharmaceuticals are gaining public attention because of increasing reports of their occurrence in environment and their potential impact on ecosystems and human health. This work studied the occurrence and fate of 15 selected psychiatric pharmaceuticals from 3 psychiatric hospitals effluent in Shanghai and investigated the effect of hospitals effluent on surface water, groundwater, soil and plant. Amitriptyline (83.57 ng L− 1) and lorazepam (22.26 ng L− 1) showed the highest concentration and were found frequently in hospital effluent. Lorazepam (8.27 ng L− 1), carbamazepine (83.80 ng L− 1) and diazepam (79.33 ng L− 1) showed higher values in surface water. The concentration of lorazepam (46.83 ng L− 1) in groundwater was higher than other reports. Only six target compounds were detected in all three soil points in accordance with very low concentration. Alkaline pharmaceuticals were more easily adsorbed by soil. Carbamazepine (1.29 ng g− 1) and lorazepam (2.95 ng g− 1) were frequently determined in plant tissues. The correlation analyses (Spearman correlations> 0.5) showed the main source of psychiatric pharmaceuticals pollutants might be hospital effluents (from effluent to surface water; from surface water to groundwater). However, hospital effluents were not the only pollution sources from the perspective of the dilution factor analysis. Although the risk assessment indicated that the risk was low to aquatic organism, the continuous discharge of pollution might cause potential environment problem.