HMI and Safety-Related Driver Performance
HMI and Safety-Related Driver Performance
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HMI 和安全相关的驾驶员性能
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Brouwer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Joakim Östlund;L. Nilsson;O. Carsten;N. Merat;H. Jamson;S. Jamson;S. Mouta;J. Carvalhais;Jorge A. Santos;V. Anttila;H. Sandberg;J. Luoma;D. de Waard;K. Brookhuis;E. Johansson;J. Engström;T. Victor;J. Harbluk;W. Janssen;R. Brouwer
HASTE的目的是开发评估车载信息系统(IVIS)的方法和指南。其目的是制定一种独立于IVIS设计的评估制度，其基础是对使用该系统时的驾驶表现与不使用该系统时的驾驶表现进行比较(基准驾驶)。其目标是提供一种评估制度，该制度：独立于技术；具有与安全有关的标准；具有成本效益；适用于任何系统设计；并通过真实世界的测试进行验证。本工作包(WP2)的实验目的是考察IVIS任务负荷对驾驶性能和安全性的影响。为了实现这一点，我们创建了两个替代IVIS(SIVIS)，一个代表认知负荷，另一个代表视觉负荷。使用这些SIVIS，系统地改变辅助任务负荷是可能的。对不同类型的任务负荷对驾驶的影响进行了单独的评估，尽可能明确地区分视觉负荷和认知负荷。目的还在于确定不同评估方法(实验室、模拟器、现场)的优缺点，并最终确定哪些道路类型和场景对测试IVIS最有成效。根据交付件1中概述的静脉输液系统安全评估的协议和程序，使用了不同的驱动程序组和不同的方案(Roskam等人，2002年)。进行了一系列非常大的实验。但从某种意义上说，这是一个非常大的多国统一和综合实验，有一个共同的目标，一个共同的实验方案和共同的指标。调查了IVIS在城市、农村和高速公路三个不同道路类别中的使用效果。为了做到这一点，总共进行了14个独立的驾驶模拟器实验，每个参与者只体验了一种类型的S-IVIS。所有七个驾驶模拟器都被用来研究在一条普通的农村道路上使用S-IVIS的驾驶情况。在大多数情况下，每种模拟道路类型都有三个难度级别，其中最难的是在某个关键事件被触发时驾驶(高速公路只有两个难度级别：无事件和有事件)。
The aim of HASTE is to develop methodologies and guidelines for the assessment of In-Vehicle Information Systems (IVIS). The intention is to devise an assessment regime that is independent of the design of an IVIS and that is based on an evaluation of driving performance while using the system as compared with driving performance when not using the system (baseline driving). The ambition is to provide an assessment regime which: Is technology-independent; Has safety-related criteria; Is cost effective; Is appropriate for any system design; and Is validated through real-world testing. The objective of the experiments in this Workpackage (WP2) was to investigate the impact of IVIS task load on driving performance and safety. To achieve this, two surrogate IVISs (SIVISs) were created, one representing cognitive load and the other visual load. Using these SIVISs, it was possible to vary secondary task load systematically. Separate assessments of the effects on driving of the different types of task load were carried out, with as clean a distinction as possible between visual and cognitive load. The objective was also to identify the advantages and disadvantages of the different assessment methods (laboratory, simulator, field), and finally to identify which road types and scenarios are the most productive for testing IVIS. Different groups of drivers were used and scenarios varied in accordance with the protocol and procedure for safety assessment of IVIS as outlined in Deliverable 1 (Roskam et al., 2002). A very large set of experiments was conducted. But in one sense this was one very large multi-national unified and integrated experiment with a common goal, a common experimental protocol and common indicators. The effect of IVIS use in three distinct road categories urban, rural, and motorway was investigated. To do this, a total of 14 separate driving simulator experiments were conducted, with each participant experiencing only one type of S-IVIS. All seven driving simulators were used to investigate driving with both S-IVISs on a common rural road. For the most part, each simulator road type had three levels of difficultly with the most difficult being driving when some critical event was triggered (the motorway had only two levels of difficulty: without and with events).