Ancient Beringian paleodiets revealed through multiproxy stable isotope analyses
Ancient Beringian paleodiets revealed through multiproxy stable isotope analyses
复制标题
DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.abc1968
复制
发表时间：
2020-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Reuther, Joshua D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Halffman, Carrin M.;Potter, Ben A.;Reuther, Joshua D.
最早的美洲原住民经常被描绘成大型动物群专家或多面手，但这场争论不能仅仅通过研究动物群的记录来解决。稳定同位素分析直接揭示了个人消费的食物。我们介绍了来自阿拉斯加向上太阳河遗址(USR)的两个古代柏林婴儿的多组织同位素分析(类似于11500年前)。结合对季节敏感的分类群的胎儿骨骼周转模型表明，USR婴儿骨胶原的碳和氮同位素组成反映了夏季母亲的饮食。使用比较的动物群同位素数据，我们证明，尽管陆地来源主导母亲的饮食，鲑鱼也是重要的，由必需氨基酸和骨生物磷灰石的碳同位素分析支持。牙釉质样本显示，春季和夏季三文鱼的使用量有所增加。我们的结果既不支持严格意义上的大型动物群专家，也不支持一般的觅食者，但表明古代柏林的饮食是复杂的和季节性结构的。
The earliest Native Americans have often been portrayed as either megafaunal specialists or generalist foragers, but this debate cannot be resolved by studying the faunal record alone. Stable isotope analysis directly reveals the foods consumed by individuals. We present multi-tissue isotope analyses of two Ancient Beringian infants from the Upward Sun River site (USR), Alaska (similar to 11,500 years ago). Models of fetal bone turnover combined with seasonally-sensitive taxa show that the carbon and nitrogen isotope composition of USR infant bone collagen reflects maternal diets over the summer. Using comparative faunal isotope data, we demonstrate that although terrestrial sources dominated maternal diets, salmon was also important, supported by carbon isotope analysis of essential amino acids and bone bioapatite. Tooth enamel samples indicate increased salmon use between spring and summer. Our results do not support either strictly megafaunal specialists or generalized foragers but indicate that Ancient Beringian diets were complex and seasonally structured.