Controlling Stochastic Resonance
Controlling Stochastic Resonance
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.82.4574
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发表时间：
1999-06
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
L. Gammaitoni;M. Löcher;A. Bulsara;P. Hänggi;J. Neff;K. Wiesenfeld;W. Ditto;M. Inchiosa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Gammaitoni;M. Löcher;A. Bulsara;P. Hänggi;J. Neff;K. Wiesenfeld;W. Ditto;M. Inchiosa
随机共振（SR）是一种非线性噪声介导的协作现象，其中在存在最佳噪声量的情况下可以增强对确定性信号的相干响应。自 1981 年诞生以来 [1]，SR [2] 已在多种系统中得到证实，包括感觉神经元、哺乳动物神经元组织、激光器、SQUID、隧道二极管和通信设备。文献中还出现了 SR 经典定义的变化和扩展，包括非周期（例如直流或宽带）信号，并通过各种信息论 [3] 或光谱互相关 [4] 测量来量化探测器响应。在这封信中，我们介绍了一种控制方案，该方案允许我们随意增强或抑制基本 SR 效应中的光谱响应。当输入信息通过阈值或势能垒的交叉传输时，我们的控制策略适用。这就提出了一种有趣的可能性，即在外部信号可能具有潜在有害性的情况下，例如电磁场与神经元组织的相互作用[5]，它们的影响可以通过（外部施加的）控制信号大大减少甚至消除。实验是在改进的施密特触发器（ST）电子电路中进行的。施密特触发器是最简单的阈值系统之一[6,7]，具有静态迟滞非线性。我们用 VL 表示施密特触发器中的阈值电压下限和上限
Stochastic resonance (SR) is a nonlinear noise-mediated cooperative phenomenon wherein the coherent response to a deterministic signal can be enhanced in the presence of an optimal amount of noise. Since its inception in 1981 [1], SR [2] has been demonstrated in diverse systems including sensory neurons, mammalian neuronal tissue, lasers, SQUIDs, tunnel diodes, and communications devices. Variations and extensions of the classical definition of SR to include aperiodic (e.g., dc or wideband) signals, with the detector response quantified by various information-theoretic [3] or spectral cross-correlation [4] measures, have also appeared in the literature. In this Letter, we introduce a control scheme which allows us, at will, to either enhance or suppress the spectral response in the basic SR effect. Our control strategy is applicable when input information is transmitted via the crossing of either a threshold or potential energy barrier. This raises the intriguing possibility that in situations where external signals might be potentially deleterious, e.g., electromagnetic field interactions with neuronal tissue [5], their effects could be substantially reduced or even eliminated via (externally applied) control signals. The experiments were carried out in a modified Schmitt trigger (ST) electronic circuit. The Schmitt trigger is one of the simplest threshold systems [6,7], possessing a static hysteretic nonlinearity. We denote the lower and upper threshold voltages in the Schmitt trigger by VL