Green Plants in the Red: A Baseline Global Assessment for the IUCN Sampled Red List Index for Plants.
Green Plants in the Red: A Baseline Global Assessment for the IUCN Sampled Red List Index for Plants.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0135152
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Nic Lughadha EM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brummitt NA;Bachman SP;Griffiths-Lee J;Lutz M;Moat JF;Farjon A;Donaldson JS;Hilton-Taylor C;Meagher TR;Albuquerque S;Aletrari E;Andrews AK;Atchison G;Baloch E;Barlozzini B;Brunazzi A;Carretero J;Celesti M;Chadburn H;Cianfoni E;Cockel C;Coldwell V;Concetti B;Contu S;Crook V;Dyson P;Gardiner L;Ghanim N;Greene H;Groom A;Harker R;Hopkins D;Khela S;Lakeman-Fraser P;Lindon H;Lockwood H;Loftus C;Lombrici D;Lopez-Poveda L;Lyon J;Malcolm-Tompkins P;McGregor K;Moreno L;Murray L;Nazar K;Power E;Quiton Tuijtelaars M;Salter R;Segrott R;Thacker H;Thomas LJ;Tingvoll S;Watkinson G;Wojtaszekova K;Nic Lughadha EM
植物为地球上的生命提供基本的支持系统，是所有陆地生态系统的基础；植物多样性的下降将对包括人类在内的所有其他有机体群体有害。植物多样性的下降很难量化，因为已知和尚未发现的物种数量巨大，而且缺乏足够的灭绝风险基线评估来跟踪变化。世界上许多偏远地区的生物多样性仍然鲜为人知，对个别植物物种灭绝风险的新评估速度接近描述新植物物种的速度。于是就产生了这样一个问题：植物受到的威胁有多大？仍然很难准确回答。尽管完成对每一种植物的评估仍然遥不可及，但通过评估随机选择的物种样本，植物抽样红色名单指数首次提供了世界各地受威胁植物的准确看法。这是监测世界工厂状况的持续努力的第一个关键阶段。超过20%的被评估的植物物种面临灭绝的威胁，受威胁最大的物种的栖息地绝大多数是热带雨林，那里对植物的最大威胁是人为生境转换、耕地和畜牧业以及自然资源的收获。裸子植物(如针叶树和苏铁)是最受威胁的一类，而这项研究中包括的三分之一的植物物种尚未得到评估，或者由于知之甚少，我们还不能确定它们是否受到威胁。这项研究提供了一个基线评估，可据此衡量和定期重新评估植物生物多样性状况的趋势。
Plants provide fundamental support systems for life on Earth and are the basis for all terrestrial ecosystems; a decline in plant diversity will be detrimental to all other groups of organisms including humans. Decline in plant diversity has been hard to quantify, due to the huge numbers of known and yet to be discovered species and the lack of an adequate baseline assessment of extinction risk against which to track changes. The biodiversity of many remote parts of the world remains poorly known, and the rate of new assessments of extinction risk for individual plant species approximates the rate at which new plant species are described. Thus the question ‘How threatened are plants?’ is still very difficult to answer accurately. While completing assessments for each species of plant remains a distant prospect, by assessing a randomly selected sample of species the Sampled Red List Index for Plants gives, for the first time, an accurate view of how threatened plants are across the world. It represents the first key phase of ongoing efforts to monitor the status of the world’s plants. More than 20% of plant species assessed are threatened with extinction, and the habitat with the most threatened species is overwhelmingly tropical rain forest, where the greatest threat to plants is anthropogenic habitat conversion, for arable and livestock agriculture, and harvesting of natural resources. Gymnosperms (e.g. conifers and cycads) are the most threatened group, while a third of plant species included in this study have yet to receive an assessment or are so poorly known that we cannot yet ascertain whether they are threatened or not. This study provides a baseline assessment from which trends in the status of plant biodiversity can be measured and periodically reassessed.