Using a Personal Computer to Grasp Dialectal Variation
Using a Personal Computer to Grasp Dialectal Variation
复制标题
使用个人计算机掌握方言变化
DOI：
10.1515/dig.2000.2000.8.37
复制
发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chitsuko Fukushima
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chitsuko Fukushima
作者自1983年以来一直参与开发一个名为SEAL的系统，用于处理语言地理学数据。在日本，一些研究人员已经使用大型计算机绘制语言地图：首先，德川宗正（Munemasa Tokugawa）在20世纪60年代与一位计算机专家合作制作了一个试验地图，在20世纪70年代，荻野纲雄（Tsunao Ogino）开发了一个名为GLAPS的软件包（详见德川1993和荻野1994）。然后GLAPS被开发成一个能够处理地理语言学和社会语言学数据的程序。作者本人使用GLAPS系统处理了福岛等人（1980）关于敬语使用的社会语言学数据。然而，当时并不是每个人都能接触到这么大的计算机。因此，我们认为有必要为个人计算机开发一个系统。SEAL系统是日本第一个在个人计算机上开发的语言地理系统（福岛1983 a）。自那时以来，该系统已经修订了几次（福岛和福岛1995年和1998年），该系统现在可以在使用GUI（图形用户界面）的Windows 98上运行。SEAL系统具有以下基本功能（见表1A）。在计算过程中，数据准备是不可避免的，也是重要的，但非常耗时。一定有什么方法可以方便地输入数据。此外，数据应包括语音细节，以及有关用法和所指等的附加信息。我们输入的语言形式与获得的附加信息：例如，“ka：ta OLD”。在这里，“ka：ta”是当地使用的词形，“OLD”是关于用法的附加信息，意味着举报人说该词形是旧的。我们可以不考虑语音因素而使用广义的音标，或者使用特殊的音标。
The author has been involved since 1983 in the development of a system called SEAL to process data in linguistic geography. In Japan, some researchers had already used a mainframe computer to draw linguistic maps: first, Munemasa Tokugawa worked with a computer specialist to produce a trial map in the 1960s, and in the 1970s, Tsunao Ogino developed a package program named GLAPS (see Tokugawa 1993 and Ogino 1994 for details). Then GLAPS was developed into a program capable of processing both geolinguistic and sociolinguistic data. The author herself used the GLAPS system to process the sociolinguistic data on the usage of honorifics (Fukushima et al. 1980). However, not everyone had access to such large computers in those days. Thus, we thought it necessary to develop a system for personal computers. The SEAL system was developed as the first system for linguistic geography in Japan which worked on a personal computer (Fukushima 1983a). It has been revised several times since then (Fukushima and Fukushima 1995 and 1998) and the system now works on Windows 98 which utilizes GUI (Graphical User Interface). The SEAL system has the following basic functions (see Table 1A). In the computational procedure, preparing data is unavoidable and important but very time-consuming. There must be some way to input the data easily. Also, the data should include phonetic details, and additional information on usage and the referent and so on. In our system, we usually do not use coding when we input the data. We input linguistic forms as obtained with additional information: for example, "ka:ta OLD". Here, "ka:ta" is the word form used at the locality, and "OLD" is the additional information on the usage and means the informant said that the form is old. We may use a broad transcription without phonetic considerations or use a special con-