An Experimental Study of the Collapse of a Spherical Cavity in Water
An Experimental Study of the Collapse of a Spherical Cavity in Water
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DOI：
10.1121/1.1908354
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发表时间：
1956-05
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
R. Mellen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Mellen
通过小型电声水听器（116英寸）测量了水中由电产生的球形腔（半径约1厘米）坍塌所产生的压力波。（以直径计）距离为50厘米。在与亚声速流动相对应的区间内，随着气泡的破裂，压力呈t−4/5（时间）规律增加。然后压力突然跳到一个更高的值，并迅速衰减到零。这种迅速增加的压力被认为是一种冲击波。利用Gilmore的空腔坍缩理论和有限振幅波理论分析压力波，我们发现激波前的压力振幅特性值对应于一个近似等于声速的空腔壁速度。由于激波已经减弱，峰值壁速度必须大于这个值。
The pressure wave produced by the collapse of an electrically generated spherical cavity (∼1 cm in radius) in water was measured by means of a small electroacoustic hydrophone (116 in. in diameter) at a distance of 50 cm. The pressure was found to increase as the bubble collapsed according to the t−4/5 (time) law in the interval corresponding to subsonic flow. The pressure then suddenly jumped to a higher value and rapidly decayed to zero. This rapid increase in pressure is assumed to be a shock wave. Using Gilmore's theory for the collapse of the cavity and finite amplitude‐wave theory for the pressure wave, we find that the value of the pressure‐amplitude characteristic at the shock front corresponds to a cavity‐wall velocity approximately equal to the velocity of sound. Since the shock wave has been attenuated, the peak wall velocity must be greater than this value.