DIVERSITY - SAMPLING STUDY
DIVERSITY - SAMPLING STUDY
复制标题
DOI：
10.1086/282772
复制
发表时间：
1972-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
FAGER, EW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FAGER, EW
Sanders（1968）提出的稀疏方法允许人们比较由不同数量的个体和物种组成的样本的多样性，并将其与从观察样本定义的宇宙中抽取较小的随机样本所获得的结果进行比较。稀薄技术高估了通过抽样所期望的物种数量。高估的幅度强烈地受到原始样本中物种间个体分布的影响，甚至受到存在适度空间聚集的影响。本文比较了四种多样性指数（其中一种是新提出的指数）对个体数和种数变化、种群间个体分布和空间聚集的响应。为了增加可比性，建议使用缩放值；应根据给定数量的个体和物种的指数值的可能范围进行缩放。有两个指数与种内与种间相遇的概率有关，它们只是间接衡量物种间个体分布均匀性的指标。另外两个是衡量平均程度的直接指标。选择哪个指数应根据要用来衡量多样性的属性来确定。
The rarefaction method proposed by Sanders (1968) to allow one to compare the diversity of samples composed of different numbers of individuals and species is compared with the results that would be obtained if smaller random samples were taken from a universe defined by the observed sample. The rarefaction technique overestimates the number of species that would be expected by sampling. The magnitude of the overestimation is strongly influenced by the distribution of individuals among species in the original sample and by the presence of even moderate spatial aggregation. Four diversity indices, one of them newly proposed here, are compared in terms of their response to changes in the numbers of individuals and species, in the distribution of the individuals among the species, and in spatial aggregation. To increase comparability, it is suggested that scaled values be used; the scaling should be done in terms of the possible range of values of the index for the given numbers of individuals and species. Two indices can be related to probabilities of intra- versus interspecific encounters, and are only indirect measures of the evenness of distribution of individuals among species. The other two are direct measures of evenness. Which index is selected should be determined on the basis of what property is to be used as a measure of diversity.