Microbial Biotechnology 2020; microbiology of fossil fuel resources.
Microbial Biotechnology 2020; microbiology of fossil fuel resources.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/1751-7915.12396
复制
发表时间：
2016-09
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Gray ND
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Head IM;Gray ND
该路线图探讨了化石燃料能源回收中微生物学研究和技术的未来。在全球范围内，至少在中期内，人类将依赖化石燃料作为能源和化学原料。微生物学在与石油工业上游和下游活动相关的许多领域已经很重要。然而，尽管微生物介导的过程广为人知但仍知之甚少，但在地球物理学家和工程师主导的世界中，该学科一直在努力争取认可。油藏生物降解、油藏酸化与控制、微生物提高采收率。在通过水力压裂回收页岩气或通过地质封存碳捕获等发展中行业中，微生物学的作用甚至更不为人所知。未来，创新的生物技术可能会提供减少排放的新途径，特别是当应用于过去地质时期微生物活动形成的大量非常规重油资源时。然而，尽管有这种潜力，但最近的低油价可能会使行业资金难以获得，并且石油和天然气行业招聘微生物学家可能不是当务之急。关于公共资助的研究以及世界人口不断增长中经济增长对廉价安全能源的需求，有迹象表明，利用可再生技术实现低碳未来的政策与鼓励最大限度地回收传统和非常规化石燃料资产的技术之间存在内在冲突。提出了微生物学在化石燃料领域未来潜在作用的观点。这是在可能促进或减轻新技术采用的技术和经济因素的背景下进行的。
This roadmap examines the future of microbiology research and technology in fossil fuel energy recovery. Globally, the human population will be reliant on fossil fuels for energy and chemical feedstocks for at least the medium term. Microbiology is already important in many areas relevant to both upstream and downstream activities in the oil industry. However, the discipline has struggled for recognition in a world dominated by geophysicists and engineers despite widely known but still poorly understood microbially mediated processes e.g. reservoir biodegradation, reservoir souring and control, microbial enhanced oil recovery. The role of microbiology is even less understood in developing industries such as shale gas recovery by fracking or carbon capture by geological storage. In the future, innovative biotechnologies may offer new routes to reduced emissions pathways especially when applied to the vast unconventional heavy oil resources formed, paradoxically, from microbial activities in the geological past. However, despite this potential, recent low oil prices may make industry funding hard to come by and recruitment of microbiologists by the oil and gas industry may not be a high priority. With regards to public funded research and the imperative for cheap secure energy for economic growth in a growing world population, there are signs of inherent conflicts between policies aimed at a low carbon future using renewable technologies and policies which encourage technologies which maximize recovery from our conventional and unconventional fossil fuel assets. A perspective on the potential future roles of microbiology in the fossil fuel sector is presented. This is placed in the context of technical and economic factors that may facilitate or mitigate against the uptake of new technologies.