A geospatial framework to estimate depth of scour under buildings due to storm surge in coastal areas
A geospatial framework to estimate depth of scour under buildings due to storm surge in coastal areas
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DOI：
10.1007/s11069-017-2817-3
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发表时间：
2017-04
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
M. Borga;B. Tanyu;C. Ferreira;J. L. Garzon;Michael Onufrychuk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Borga;B. Tanyu;C. Ferreira;J. L. Garzon;Michael Onufrychuk
飓风和热带风暴是沿海社区的主要危险之一。这些系统产生的强风和低压所产生的风暴潮有可能在沿海地区造成大面积洪水。在许多情况下，风暴潮造成的破坏可能超过风造成的破坏，导致建筑物完全倒塌。因此，在沿海地区，主要结构损坏的原因之一可能是冲刷，即作为基础的建筑物下方的土壤被水流冲走。现有的预测飓风洪水灾害的方法没有区分不同的破坏机制（例如，淹没与冲刷）。目前，还没有主要侧重于预测与地震有关的建筑物损坏的工具。这一工具可为规划和/或准备应急行动提供重大优势。因此，本研究的重点是开发一种方法来预测可能的冲刷深度，由于飓风风暴潮使用自动化的ArcGIS工具，结合预期的飓风条件（流动深度，速度和洪水持续时间），网站特定的建筑信息，以及相关的土壤类型的基础。来自蒙茅斯县（NJ）的一项案例研究（2012年飓风桑迪在风暴后记录了该县的冲刷损害）用于评估开发的预测工具的准确性，并将冲刷深度与潜在冲刷损害联系起来。结果表明，所开发的工具提供了相对一致的结果与现场观测。
Hurricanes and tropical storms represent one of the major hazards in coastal communities. Storm surge generated by strong winds and low pressure from these systems have the potential to bring extensive flooding in coastal areas. In many cases, the damage caused by the storm surge may exceed the damage from the wind resulting in the total collapse of buildings. Therefore, in coastal areas, one of the sources for major structural damage could be due to scour, where the soil below the building that serves as the foundation is swept away by the movement of the water. The existing methodologies to forecast hurricane flood damage do not differentiate between the different damage mechanisms (e.g., inundation vs. scour). Currently, there are no tools available that predominantly focus on forecasting scour-related damage for buildings. Such a tool could provide significant advantages for planning and/or preparing emergency responses. Therefore, the focus of this study was to develop a methodology to predict possible scour depth due to hurricane storm surges using an automated ArcGIS tool that incorporates the expected hurricane conditions (flow depth, velocity, and flood duration), site-specific building information, and the associated soil types for the foundation. A case study from Monmouth County (NJ), where the scour damages from 2012 Hurricane Sandy were recorded after the storm, was used to evaluate the accuracy of the developed forecasting tool and to relate the scour depth to potential scour damage. The results indicate that the developed tool provides relatively consistent results with the field observations.