Limited HIV-1 Subtype C nef 3'PPT Variation in Combination Antiretroviral Therapy Naïve and Experienced People Living with HIV in Botswana.

Limited HIV-1 Subtype C nef 3'PPT Variation in Combination Antiretroviral Therapy Naïve and Experienced People Living with HIV in Botswana.
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DOI:
10.3390/pathogens10081027
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发表时间:
2021-08-13
期刊:
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Gaseitsiwe S
Gaseitsiwe S
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Seatla KK;Maruapula D;Choga WT;Morerinyane O;Lockman S;Novitsky V;Kasvosve I;Moyo S;Gaseitsiwe S

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多替拉韦 (DTG) 是一种强效抗 HIV 药物,在全球范围内用于治疗 HIV。有报道称,HIV-1 的 nef 基因 3′-多嘌呤束 (3′PPT) 发生突变,导致 DTG 失败;然而,这方面的“现实世界”数据有限。此外,对于接受联合抗逆转录病毒治疗 (cART) 和不抑制病毒载量 (VL) 的患者中 3'PPT 残基的变异性存在知识差距。使用下一代测序生成来自 cART 新手和经验丰富个体的 HIV-1 C 亚型 (HIV-1C) 全基因组序列。使用标准生物信息学工具从生成的全基因组序列中修剪 nef 基因序列。此外,我们在基于 DTG/raltegravir (RAL) 的 cART 上通过对病毒学失败 (VF) 个体的血浆样本进行桑格测序,生成了单独的整合酶和 nef 基因序列。对 3'PPT 残基进行分析,并使用 P 值 < 0.05 的 Pearson 卡方检验计算的比例比较被认为具有统计显着性。总共生成了 6009 个 HIV-1C 全基因组序列,log10 HIV-1 VL (Q1, Q3) 拷贝/mL 的中位数为 1.60 (1.60, 2.60)。总共生成了 12 个匹配的整合酶和 nef 基因序列,这些序列来自有治疗经验、但基于 DTG/RAL 的 cART 失败的参与者。来自经历过 DTG cART 治疗失败的患者 (n = 12)、未接受 cART 个体 (n = 1263) 以及接受或未进行病毒学抑制的 cART 个体 (n = 4696) 的 HIV-1C 3'PPT nef 基因序列均具有高度保守的 3'PPT 基序,未发现统计学上显着的差异。我们的研究证实了“真实世界”患者中 HIV-1 nef 基因 3'PPT 基序的高度保守性,并且根据 VL 抑制或基于 INSTI 的 cART 失败显示该基序没有差异。未来的研究应该探索 pol 基因之外的其他 HIV-1 区域与 DTG 失败的关系。
Dolutegravir (DTG) is a potent anti-HIV drug that is used to treat HIV globally. There have been reports of mutations in the HIV-1 3′-polypurine tract (3′PPT) of the nef gene, contributing to DTG failure; however, there are limited ‘real-world’ data on this. In addition, there is a knowledge gap on the variability of 3′PPT residues in patients receiving combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) with and without viral load (VL) suppression. HIV-1 subtype C (HIV-1C) whole-genome sequences from cART naïve and experienced individuals were generated using next-generation sequencing. The nef gene sequences were trimmed from the generated whole-genome sequences using standard bioinformatics tools. In addition, we generated separate integrase and nef gene sequences by Sanger sequencing of plasma samples from individuals with virologic failure (VF) while on a DTG/raltegravir (RAL)-based cART. Analysis of 3′PPT residues was performed, and comparison of proportions computed using Pearson’s chi-square test with p-values < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A total of 6009 HIV-1C full genome sequences were generated and had a median log10 HIV-1 VL (Q1, Q3) copies/mL of 1.60 (1.60, 2.60). A total of 12 matching integrase and nef gene sequences from therapy-experienced participants failing DTG/ RAL-based cART were generated. HIV-1C 3′PPT nef gene sequences from therapy-experienced patients failing DTG cART (n = 12), cART naïve individuals (n = 1263), and individuals on cART with and without virological suppression (n = 4696) all had a highly conserved 3′PPT motif with no statistically significant differences identified. Our study confirms the high conservation of the HIV-1 nef gene 3′PPT motif in ‘real-world’ patients and showed no differences in the motif according to VL suppression or INSTI-based cART failure. Future studies should explore other HIV-1 regions outside of the pol gene for associations with DTG failure.
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